Volume numbers are separated from page numbers by a colon, e.g. 79:8.
Volume:page numbers for maps and photos are in italic. Illustrations are also in italic, with the suffix 'i'; tables with 't'. Titles of books and reports are in italic.
Photos and illustrations are of adult butterflies and moths unless stated otherwise. Headings relate to butterflies unless stated, e.g. 'overwintering'

A14
corridor for Small Ranunculus moth 52:11
project, Newmarket 70:7–8, 73:21, 78:8, 81:6–7
aberrations 76:27, 86:12, 86:13–15
Brown Argus 58:2, 58:9, 60:33, 60:35, 76:12, 79:26, 79:31, 80:22, 80:27, 81:25, 86:14, 88:2
Chalkhill Blue 56:25, 56:27, 72:11
Clouded Yellow 59:1, 59:8, 59:24
Comma 52:32, 58:2, 58:9
Common Blue 52:32, 69:24, 76:27, 86:15
Gatekeeper 86:14, 93:6
Green Hairstreak 55:2, 55:11, 86:14
Meadow Brown 86:14
melanism and recessive genes 76:12
Orange-tip 76:27, 86:13
Purple Hairstreak 85:24
Ringlet 55:2, 55:11, 86:13
Silver-studded Blue 82:19
Silver-washed Fritillary 64:2, 74:28, 76:27
Small Copper 51:14, 51:23, 53:21, 56:22, 67:2, 67:10, 76:27, 86:14, 86:16
Small Tortoiseshell 61:2, 61:3, 85:8i
White Admiral 80:27
abundance changes 93:22t, 93:24t
accounts
2009-10 50:11
2010-11 52:28
2011-12 56:20–21
2012-13 58:12
2014-15 65:7
2016-17 71:7
2017-18 74:7
2018-19 77:8
Achieving Aspirations CIC 85:29
acidity, Purdis Heath 63:19
ActivLives 69:19
Adela reaumurella (Green Long-horn) 78:39
Adonis Blue (Polyommatus bellargus) 51:23, 53:20–21, 69:21, 82:16, 82:16–17
Adopt-a-Square (AaS) 60:12
Aegean Meadow Brown (Maniola chia) 54:23
African Monarch (Danaus chrysippus) see Plain Tiger or African Monarch (Danaus chrysippus)
African Swallowtail (Papilio dardanus) 73:14
Aldeburgh see North Warren, Aldeburgh; Prior's Oak, Aldeburgh; Sailors' Path, Snape
Alder Buckthorn (Frangula alnus)
breeding Brimstones 76:15
 see also Brimstones and Buckthorn (project); buckthorns (Rhamnaceae spp.)
Alder Moth (Acronicta alni) 82:24
Alexandra Park, Ipswich 93:27
Alkanet (Pentaglottis sempervirens) 68:1, 68:8–9
Alton Water 58:13–14
AmazonSmile 80:9, 86:37
Amick, Rohan 74:18
Amor, Nick
butterfly hunting 85:20–22, 88:6–9
Chequered Skipper, Scotch Argus, Italian Alps 94:10–11, 94:11
Clouded Yellow 85:21
Dingy Skipper 87:28
Heath Fritillary 88:8
in love with orange butterflies 91:12–14, 91:13–14
Lulworth Skipper 88:7
Silver-studded Blue 89:2
Swallowtail 85:20
Wall Brown 85:21
White Admiral 85:21
White-letter Hairstreak 88:8
Amor, Rosalind 78:37, 79:15, 79:17, 79:19–20
Andalucía, Spain 86:23–25
Angelica gigas (Purple Angelica) 73:17
Angles Way, Wall Brown survey 64:18
anniversary cakes 74:2, 74:6
ants (Lasius spp.) 77:18
Kelling Heath 61:18–19
Orange-tip and Garlic Mustard 64:9
Purdis Heath 50:6, 63:19
Apollo (Parnassius apollo) 50:23, 77:25, 81:12, 81:12
Arabis spp. 73:18
arable farming, and dearth of butterflies 55:17
Arctic Woolly Bear Moth (Gynaephora groenlandica) 83:23
Arger Fen, Bures 54:16
Arnside Knott, Cumbria 58:20
Ash Bud Moth (Prays fraxinella) 81:8–9, 81:9, 87:25
dispersal 87:25
Ash dieback (Hymenoscyphus fraxineus) 79:27, 81:8–9
Ashton, Joel and Jim 79:27
Astata boops (wasp) 67:23
Atlas Moth (Attacus atlas) 80:28
Atlas of Britain and Ireland's Larger Moths 77:26
Aubret(i)a spp. 73:18
Australia 89:27–35
Avaaz (campaign network) 53:22–23

B-lines (Buglife project) 68:6
Back from the Brink (Shifting Sands project) 71:9
Backshall, Steve 51:2, 51:11
Bacon, Louise 62:10–11
Bagworth, Tim 59:24
Balancing the Scales (art quilt by Marie Stewart) 50:1, 50:3
Balkan Marbled White (Melanargia larissa) 55:27
Balkan Zephyr Blue (Kretania sephirus) 59:23
Balsham Wood, Cambridgeshire, Purple Emperor survey 60:21, 60:29, 60:30
Bamford, Michael 76:27
BAP priority species
distribution maps 84:25–27, 90:18–23
flight periods 84:23–24
Purdis Heath 65:13
Sizewell 75:18
BAP priority species (annual butterfly reports)
2011 54:7–8
2012 57:6–7
2013 60:9–10
2014 63:2t, 63:11–15
2015 66:11–16
2016 69:9–15
2017 72:12, 72:13–19
2018 75:11–12
2019 78:10, 78:32–37
2020 81:17–19
2021 84:16–18
Barker, Patrick 86:7, 86:7
Barkham, Patrick, Butterfly Isles review by Richard Stewart 54:15–16
Basham, David 63:18, 65:2
Clouded Yellow larva 71:2
Clouded Yellow, Purdis Heath 71:20
Green Hairstreak larva 64:2, 64:11
Holly Blue eggs 66:32
Purdis Heath 67:20–22
Purdis Heath species list 65:13
Basking on Bark (art quilt by Marie Stewart) 65:22, 65:23
bats, and fallen moth wings 82:24
Bawdsey 54:11, 55:9, 61:10
Bay (Laurus nobilis), and Holly Blue 66:32
"BB" (D. J. Watkins-Pitchford) 85:17–18
Beacon, Martin 65:15
Beaumont, Alan 71:23, 73:2, 73:11, 76:2, 76:6
Beaumont, Mandy and Steve 79:9
Beccles 81:25
2022-24 93:7–10
Brown Argus second broods 89:8–9
Lycaenidae sightings 86:15–16, 88:17
Beccles Marshes 64:18
Beddingham Hill, Sussex 56:24–25, 56:27
Bedfordshire
Bison Hill, Dunstable 85:22–23
Totternhoe 51:9, 76:10–11
Bedstraw Hawk-moth (Hyles gallii) 94:20
bedstraws (Galium spp.) 65:18
Bee, Roland and Frances 85:9
Bee-wolf (Philanthus triangulum) 67:23
Beebee, Trevor, Climate Change and British Wildlife 77:26
bees
neonicotinoid insecticides 53:22–23
species at Purdis Heath 67:21–22
Bell Heather (Erica cinerea), Purdis Heath 50:6, 59:9, 63:18, 67:20
Belstead, nature reserves 70:10–11
Bentley, Ross 73:2, 73:12–13, 76:18–19
Bentley, Old Hall Wood 55:2, 55:12, 60:26
Berry, Matt
Brimstone 52:1
butterflies in Greece 55:27, 65:23
butterfly photography 52:21–22
Common Blue 53:32
grass management project, Ipswich 53:16–17
Orange-tip 53:1
overwintering 56:14–15
Purdis Heath 52:2, 52:9–10, 53:15–16, 53:32, 56:8–9, 67:23
Purple Hairstreak eggs 56:1
Red Admiral 55:1
Rhodes, Greece 50:2, 50:24–25, 52:31, 54:20–22, 54:22, 54:23
Silver-studded Blue 61:1, 67:23
Silver-washed Fritillary 54:1
social media 50:12
uploading and sharing photos 55:24
White-letter Hairstreak in Ipswich 52:13
Wild Ipswich 68:14–15
Betchworth, Surrey 53:19–21
Betts, Clive 67:7–8
Beyton Green 91:27
Bicycling with Butterflies (Dykman) 86:30–31
Big Butterfly Count 51:12, 53:7, 54:9, 56:13, 60:10, 65:21
2019-20 statistics 80:20t
2021 UK species results 83:24t
Pakenham Water Mill 76:22
binoculars, close focus 56:16
Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP) species see BAP priority species
Birdfair 58:16–17
Bird's-foot-trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) 64:11, 68:9, 68:9i, 88:17, 88:17
A14 project, Newmarket 70:8, 73:21
Bison Hill, Dunstable 85:22–23
Black Hairstreak (Satyrium pruni) 71:23, 71:23i
Brampton Wood, Cambs 86:26–28
black holes 52:17, 54:16, 60:12, 75:21–22, 75:24
Black Horehound (Ballota nigra) 76:14–15, 76:15
Black Medick (Medicago lupulina) 88:15, 89:8
Black Swallowtail (Papilio polyxenes) 63:11, 64:8
Black-veined White (Aporia crataegi) 51:17, 51:18, 54:22
Blackthorn (Prunus spinosa)
Black Hairstreak 86:28
Brown Hairstreak 70:10
Blaxhall Common 59:15–16
Blofield, Jill 86:2
Blue Morpho (Morpho peleides) 61:16
body temperature 79:27
Bonny Wood, Needham Market 64:17, 64:23, 67:2, 67:11
Purple Emperor survey 60:28, 60:29
books, recommended 77:26, 80:24–25, 86:29–31, 87:20, 87:21
Borderick, David 81:27
Bourn, Nigel 61:14–15, 73:14
Bowles's Mauve see Perennial Wallflower (Erysimum linifolium 'Bowles's Mauve')
Box Hill, Surrey 53:20–21
Box-tree Moth (Cydalima perspectalis) 71:2, 71:12, 73:15, 80:21, 85:28
dark form 85:28
larva 71:2
Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) 55:15
Bradfield St George, Mellfield Wood and Free Wood 60:26–27, 60:28, 60:29, 74:10
Bradfield Woods 55:21, 85:10–11, 85:18–19, 88:25
Purple Emperor survey 60:22, 60:27, 60:28–29
Brame, Will 60:2, 94:14
Bramfield 74:11
Brampton Wood, Cambridgeshire 86:26–28
Brewer, Jo, Wings in the Meadow 86:30
Brewster, Hazel 90:14
Brewster, Mark 85:22–23
books on Monarchs 86:29–31
Brimstone 87:1
Common Blue 74:28, 79:10
events reports 2024 90:26–27, 91:19–20, 91:19–20, 91:22, 91:22
Grayling 88:2
Heath Fritillary 84:1, 84:29
Holly Blue 81:23
Marbled White 74:2, 74:13
Northfield Wood 82:11, 88:23–25, 94:17–18
Pakenham Water Mill, Wildlife Days 87:27, 94:16
Pakenham Wood 82:12–13
Peacock 88:26, 90:15
Purdis Heath visit 88:22
Purdis Heath work parties 86:32, 86:33, 87:26
Purple Emperor 94:18
Purple Hairstreak 82:13
Red Admiral 74:28, 80:27
review of Flight Behaviour (Kingsolver) 92:23
Silver-studded Blue 88:22
Small Copper 79:31, 82:13
Small Heath 79:32
Small Skipper 90:16
Small Tortoiseshell 79:1
Swallowtail 92:21
Thurston leaflet drop 88:20, 88:20
wildflower meadows 88:13–14, 88:13
Brimstone (Gonepteryx rhamni) 52:1, 53:12i, 57:2, 67:13i, 68:8i, 71:1, 76:2, 76:6, 78:2, 86:9, 87:1, 91:8, 93:15, 93:32
annual butterfly reports 84:19, 87:11
breeding, from eggs to adults 76:15–16
distribution maps 58:18, 78:17, 78:25
egg to pupation 76:6
eggs and egg-laying 56:2, 60:13, 72:23, 78:2, 80:27, 93:31
identification guide 85:32
by Kev Ling 93:31–32
larvae 56:2, 60:13, 76:2, 86:11, 91:7, 93:31, 93:32
Memorable Moments (poem by Twm Wade) 67:13
pupae 76:2, 76:6, 76:16, 91:2, 93:32
spring behaviour 56:7
Wickham Market 91:7
 see also Brimstones and Buckthorn (project)
Brimstone Moth (Opisthograptis luteolata) 86:2, 87:23, 94:20
Brimstones and Buckthorn (project) 51:2, 51:10–11, 52:8, 71:5, 76:16
2012 53:12
2013 56:6, 58:18
2014 60:13–14
2017 72:9
2018 72:21
2022 84:8–9, 86:9–11
distribution map 58:18
Halesworth 84:9, 84:9
by Liz Cutting 91:6–7, 91:6–7
under-populated areas in east Suffolk 52:3–4
Britain's Butterflies (Newland et al) 80:24
Britain's Day-flying Moths (Newland et al) 80:24
review by Tony Prichard 58:17
Britain's Plant Galls (Chinery) 80:25
British & Irish Moths: a photographic guide (Manley) 83:24
British and Irish Moths: an illustrated guide to selected difficult species (Townsend et al) 50:20
British Moths (Manley) 77:26
Broad-bordered Bee Hawk-moth (Hemaris fuciformis) 54:2, 79:9, 83:14, 83:14
larvae 54:2, 54:14, 65:2
larval leaf damage 54:2
Brock, Paul, Comprehensive Guide to Insects of Britain and Ireland 77:26
broods or generations 89:19
Brookes, Andrew 69:18, 69:19
Broom, Debbie 79:7, 79:31, 80:10–11, 84:29
Hummingbird Hawk-moth larva 89:26, 89:26
Broom Covert, Leiston 76:22
Broomheath, Woodbridge 93:29–30
Brown, Karen 69:24
Brown, Karen and Robert 62:2
Brown, Robert 65:1, 65:2, 65:14–15, 68:1
Brown Argus (Aricia agestis) 53:32, 61:21i, 62:12i, 68:13i, 74:1, 79:32, 80:28, 89:8–9, 90:8, 92:22, 93:8
2018 74:18
aberration with missing spot 76:12
Beccles 88:17, 89:8–9
distribution maps 78:17, 78:25
eggs and egg-laying 88:15, 89:8–9
feeding periods of larvae, and when to cut grass 79:21
foodplants 88:15
identification guides 85:32, 92:22
larvae 89:8–9, 91:8
second broods 89:8–9
underwing identification 80:2, 85:32
variations 79:26
Brown Argus (Aricia agestis ab. snelleni ter Haar) 58:2, 58:9, 60:33, 60:35, 79:31, 80:22, 80:27, 81:25, 86:14, 88:2
Brown Hairstreak (Thecla betulae) 64:8
annual butterfly reports 66:11, 69:9, 75:11, 78:8, 81:20, 87:14
eggs 70:10, 79:2
releases 84:20
Brown Scallop (Philereme vetulata), larva 51:2
Brown-tail (Euproctis chrysorrhoea) 50:9, 63:25–26, 66:20
larval nest 50:2
Browns, and other underdogs, by Kev Ling 87:18–20
Browns, Fritillaries and Aristocrats (Nymphalidae), annual butterfly reports 87:12–14, 90:14–15, 93:16–19
BTO Garden Birdwatch 53:6
Bucculatrix frangutella (moth), larva 51:2
buckthorns (Rhamnaceae) 91:6
buckthorns (Rhamnaceae spp.)
Brimstone caterpillars, etc 86:9–11
Brimstone egg-laying, etc 60:13–14, 76:6, 76:15
care and maintenance 56:7, 58:18, 84:8–9
moth larvae 51:2
for pollinators 72:20
 see also Brimstones and Buckthorn (project)
buddleias (Buddleja spp.) 51:20, 57:2, 57:13–14, 74:23
Buddleja alternifolia 59:18, 74:23
Buddleja davidii 57:13–14, 59:18, 67:7, 74:23
Buddleja globosa 'Orange-ball' 57:13
Buddleja x weyeriana 57:13, 59:18, 66:21, 74:23
gap between flowering and butterfly emergence 55:19
White Admiral at Beccles 81:25
Buff-tip (Phalera bucephala) 82:28, 88:26, 91:10
Bugle (Ajuga reptans) 55:21, 68:9
Buglife
B-lines 68:6
neonicotinoid insecticides 53:22, 53:23
Urban Buzz, Ipswich 68:14, 70:9, 76:18
Bulgaria 85:18
Rhodope Mountains 81:12
Bumblebee Conservation Trust 53:22–23
Burbridge, Lucy 65:12
Bure Marshes, Norfolk 62:13
Bures/ Bures St Mary 54:16, 70:15
Burgh House Farm 81:9–10, 81:10, 91:19
Burn, Sandy 81:6
Burnet Companion (Euclidia glyphica) 89:23
Burslem, Chris 67:2
Burton, Annette 84:6
Burton, John and Jane 87:12
Bury St Edmunds
Marlow's Home & Garden Centre 75:23, 75:28
transects available 82:8
 see also Nowton Park
Bury Water Meadows Group 90:26–27
butterflies
fake, in China 73:14
identification guide 85:32
identification puzzles 62:24, 85:2, 85:32
as omens or spirits 79:27–28
Butterflies: a natural history (Warren) 83:24
Butterflies: a very British obsession (TV programme), review by Richard Stewart 50:21
Butterflies for the New Millennium (BNM)
abundance changes 2023-24 93:24t
annual butterfly reports 60:10, 63:15, 66:16, 69:15–16, 72:12, 75:12, 78:5, 78:9, 81:15, 84:14
Butterflies Forever 80:19
Butterflies in Christchurch Park (Stewart), review by Peter Maddison 68:16
Butterflies of Britain & Ireland: a field and site guide (Easterbrook) 77:26
Butterflies of Europe for iPhone (Manley et al), review by Simon Spencer 54:19
butterfly art 79:2
Butterfly Biology Systems: connections and interactions in life history and behaviour (Dennis) 80:24–25
Butterfly Brothers 79:27
Butterfly Conservation
AmazonSmile 80:9, 86:37
anniversary cake 74:2, 74:6
background and organisation 59:12
Europe Taxonomy Group 52:19
European Interests Group (EIG) 68:19
fundraising by shopping online 67:19, 80:9
Garden Survey 72:9
guidance on sightings of non-native species 61:14–15
importance of branches 51:9
iRecord Butterflies (app) 57:12
National Moth Recording Scheme 62:22
Plant a Pot for Pollinators project 66:22
Silver-studded Blue, Purdis Heath 50:6
State of the UK's Butterflies 2015 65:16, 66:7
Wild Spaces campaign 86:31–32
 see also Butterflies for the New Millennium (BNM)
Butterfly Conservation - Suffolk Branch
2011 report by Rob Parker 52:6–7
2012 report by Rob Parker 55:7–9
AGM 2013 58:11
AGM 2018 74:6
AGM 2019 77:6–7
AGM 2020-21 and committee roles 80:3
AGM and members' afternoon 2022 86:6–7, 86:7
anniversary cake 74:2, 74:6
chair's report 2019-20 80:7–8
chair's report 2021 82:7–8
Conservation Officer (Butterflies) 84:5
finance 80:7
inaugural meeting 1993 58:5
SNS Conference stand 78:39
website 53:25, 55:10, 75:7–8
 see also accounts; Ipswich Heaths Project; moth traps/ trapping - loan scheme; Purdis Heath; Suffolk Butterfly Reports
Butterfly Effect 51:12
butterfly nets 53:18, 56:16
poem by Wilfrid George 54:18
Butterfly Reports see Suffolk Butterfly Reports
butterfly trade 92:20
Buttoned Snout (Hypena rostralis) 56:12, 56:27
Bye, Helen 79:7, 79:32

cabbage whites 67:12, 73:15
California, USA, Monarch (Danaus plexippus) 85:6
Camberwell Beauty (Nymphalis antiopa) 64:6, 86:17
annual butterfly reports 69:8, 72:10–11, 75:11, 84:18, 87:10
distribution map 78:25
Cambridgeshire 52:18
Black Hairstreak, Brampton Wood 86:26–28
Devil's Dyke, including Chalkhill Blue 59:13, 71:26
moth trapping in fens 82:28–29
Purple Emperor survey, Balsham Wood 60:21, 60:29, 60:30
camouflage 91:8–10, 91:8–10
campions (Silene spp.) 79:9
Canary-shouldered Thorn (Ennomos alniaria) 82:28, 86:2
Carlton Marshes 72:18, 74:9, 74:21, 82:14, 83:17, 83:18
decline of Small Tortoiseshell, Peacock, Red Admiral 92:17–18
Wall Brown 94:19
Carter, David and Margie 58:1, 85:10
casual records/ recording 53:6–7, 60:12, 66:23
Catalonia 70:13
caterpillar fungus 77:25
caterpillars
associative memory and metamorphosis 76:23–24
as food of wasps 73:15
 see also foodplants, larval; larvae
Catfield Fen, Norfolk 68:20
Catoptria pinella (Pearl Grass-veneer) 82:12, 85:30
Cavenham 52:25, 59:13–14
Cavenham Heath 76:19–20, 76:28, 82:11–12, 85:26–27, 85:26
Ceanothus (Californian Lilac) 88:15–16, 93:10
Chalkhill Blue (Polyommatus coridon) 59:13–14, 59:24, 64:8, 64:8i, 71:27, 74:8, 81:7
A14 project, Newmarket 70:7, 73:21, 78:8, 81:6–7
annual butterfly reports 60:8, 63:9, 66:10, 69:8, 72:11, 78:8, 81:20, 84:15, 84:19–20, 93:19
Devil's Dyke, Cambridgeshire 71:26
distribution maps 78:18, 78:25
Edburton, Sussex 56:23–24
North Downs 55:16
probable aberration seminigra 56:25, 56:27
releases 84:20
Chalkhill Blue (Polyommatus coridon form tithonus) 72:11
Chamberlain, Sarah 87:15
Chamberlin, Sam 73:24
Chamonix, France 84:10
Chantry Marsh, Orford 61:20
Chantry Park, Ipswich 69:19
Chasing Monarchs (Pyle) 86:29–30
Chelmos Blue (Polyommatus iphigenia) 59:23
Chequered Skipper (Carterocephalus palaemon) 65:1, 86:7, 88:2, 94:10–11
children
Big Butterfly Count 51:12
butterfly nets 56:16
Gislingham Primary School 66:29
moth trapping 82:31
Chinery, Michael, Britain's Plant Galls 80:25
Chinese Character (Cilix glaucata) 91:8–10
Chorinea octauius 77:28
Christchurch Park, Ipswich 57:9, 69:20, 71:19, 84:7, 92:16, 93:27
Butterflies in Christchurch Park (Stewart) 68:16
Cinnabar (Tyria jacobaeae), larvae 91:28
Claridge, Paul 81:13, 81:27
Clearwing moths 73:24, 94:7–8
hand-crafted replicas 84:8, 84:8
 see also individual species, e.g. Hornet Clearwing (Sesia apiformis)
Clement, Patrick 87:22
Cleopatra (Gonepteryx cleopatra) 54:20–21, 63:11, 93:32
Clifden Nonpareil (Catocala fraxini) 77:27, 86:2, 88:2
climate change
colonisation by non-native species 61:14–15
 see also drought(s); rainfall; weather
Climate Change and British Wildlife (Beebee) 77:26
climate extremes, and butterfly population changes 69:5, 85:6–7
Clipper (Parthenos sylvia) 66:11
A close look for an Adonis Blue with a seeing eye (poem by Ian Whybrow) 84:30
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea f. helice) 89:16
Clouded Yellow (Colias crocea f. helice ab. nigra Aigner) 59:1, 59:8, 59:24
Clouded Yellow (Colias croceus) 58:1, 59:2, 59:7i, 59:24, 71:28, 83:18, 85:21, 93:15
aggressive behaviour of male 59:18–19
annual butterfly reports 59:7, 78:7, 81:20, 84:15, 84:18–19, 87:11, 93:15
Bawdsey 61:10
Carlton Marshes 83:17
distribution maps 59:2, 78:18, 78:26
identification guide 85:32
larva 71:2
Purdis Heath 71:20
sex differences 59:8
Clowes Wood, Kent 90:24
Clustered Dock (Rumex conglomeratus) 93:10
Coast & Heaths AONB 80:19
Cobalt Designs, Delhi 79:2
Cocksfoot Moth (Glyphipterix simpliciella) 81:32
Coleophora conspicuella, larval case 87:2
Collard Hill, Somerset 88:9–10
collecting/ collectors 92:20
Colossus Orchid (Ophrys colossaea) 54:22, 54:23
colouration, in butterfly wings 61:16
comfreys (Symphytum spp.) 68:9
Comma (Polygonia c-album) 59:6i, 66:22i, 70:2, 73:19i, 79:31, 80:17i, 81:10, 86:37i, 93:18
distribution maps 78:18, 78:25
Kiln Meadow 70:11
larva 70:2
pupa 70:2
Comma (Polygonia c-album ab. nov) 58:2, 58:9
Comma (Polygonia c-album ab. obscura) 52:32
Common Birdsfoot (Ornithopus perpusillus) 77:18, 77:27
and Silver-studded Blue larvae 77:18
Common Blue (Polyommatus icarus) 53:32, 55:14i, 66:32, 67:2, 68:9i, 69:24, 70:1, 74:28, 77:26i, 79:30i, 81:13, 81:27, 92:22, 93:19
A14 project, Newmarket 73:21
Alton Water 58:13, 58:14
Beccles 88:17
distribution maps 78:18, 78:25
feeding periods of larvae, and when to cut grass 79:21
female repelling male 52:12
identification guides 85:32, 92:22
mating pairs 86:1, 93:8
Onehouse, Stowmarket 79:10
underwing identification 80:2, 85:32
Common Blue (Polyommatus icarus ab. apicata-supracaerulea) 76:27, 86:15
Common Blue (Polyommatus icarus ab. radiata Courvoisier) 52:32, 76:27, 86:15
Common Blue (Polyommatus icarus ab. supra-caerulea) 86:15
Common Blue (Polyommatus icarus ab. supra-caerulea + albocincta) 86:15
Common Box (Buxus sempervirens), and Box-tree Moth 71:12
Common Cow Wheat (Melampyrum pratense) 91:11–12
Common Darter (Sympetrum striolatum) 59:18–19
Common Fleabane (Pulicaria dysenterica) 68:11
Common or Viviparous Lizard (Zootoca vivipara) 52:2
Commophila aeneana 63:28
Comprehensive Guide to Insects of Britain and Ireland (Brock) 77:26
confusion species, identification guides 80:2, 85:32
connectivity 62:16–17
Connors, Alison 55:21–22
Conservation Officer (Butterflies) 84:5
container gardening 66:22
Convolvulus Hawk-moth (Agrius convolvuli) 79:9, 79:31, 82:25–26, 82:27
Cook, Sarah 70:8
Cooper, Wendy 71:8
Coppers, Hairstreaks and Blues (Lycaenidae), annual butterfly reports 87:14, 90:15–16, 93:19–20
coppicing, and Heath Fritillary 64:14
Corley, Phil 53:31
Corn Marigold (Glebionis segetum) 79:15, 79:19, 82:22
Corncockle (Agrostemma githago) 79:15, 79:18, 79:19–20
Cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) 55:22, 79:15, 79:19
Corton, James 80:3, 81:14, 91:26, 93:25
2021 Butterfly Report 84:13–27
2022 Butterfly Report 87:7–16
2023 Butterfly Report 90:8–23
2024 Butterfly Report 93:11–24
Brimstone 93:15
Brown Argus 90:8
Comma 93:18
Common Blue 93:19
decline of some common Nymphalids 92:17–19
Dingy Skipper 93:21
Gatekeeper 84:16
Grayling 93:16
Green Hairstreak 90:8, 93:20
Green-veined White 87:16
Hummingbird Hawk-moth larva 94:20
Large Skipper 93:21
Marsh Fritillary 84:27
Meadow Brown 88:2
musings on dwarfism and neonicotinoids 92:19–20
Orange-tip 84:16
Painted Lady 84:19
Peacock 93:11
Purple Emperor 93:23
separating Brown Argus and Common Blue 92:22
Six-spot Burnet 92:24
Small Copper 90:8
Small Heath 93:17
Southern Small White identification 94:12–14
Speckled Wood 87:7
Trudie Willis 89:36
Trudie's bench 88:6
Wall Brown and Small Tortoiseshell 84:13, 91:1
White Admiral 87:14, 93:18
White-letter Hairstreak 84:18
Cotley Hill, Wiltshire 51:16, 51:23, 52:12, 69:21, 69:23
Country Parks, and Suffolk County Council 52:7
Cowling, Mike 77:27
Coxcomb Prominent (Ptilodon capucina), larva 77:27
Crab Spider (Misumena vatia) 82:22
Crawford, Mervyn 52:32, 55:2
Brimstone 67:13i
butterfly aberrations 55:11
Gatekeeper 68:11i
Glanville Fritillary 51:19i
hill-topping 55:22–23
Holly Blue 51:6i
impact on moths of flailing hedgerows 63:24–26
Lappet 52:18, 52:18i
Peacock 62:7i
Silver Y 68:9i
Small Eggar 63:24i, 63:25i
Wall Brown 52:18–19, 74:21i
White Admiral dispersal 56:18–19
Cream-spot Tiger (Arctia villica) 90:27
Crete 69:22
Crimson Speckled (Utetheisa pulchella) 86:2
crosswords 82:32
Cryptic Wood White (Leptidea juvernica) 93:21–22
Cuckooflower (Cardamine pratensis) 68:8
Cumbria
haiku by Richard Stewart 58:22
Mountain Ringlet search 67:16–18
Smardale Gill 83:16–17
south 58:19–21, 58:23–24
Cuming, Nigel 83:14
Currant Clearwing (Synanthedon tipuliformis) 73:24
Cuthbert, Charles 69:1, 69:24
Cutting, Liz 77:28, 89:6
Brimstones and Buckthorn (project) 91:6–7, 91:6–7
Butterflies in Christchurch Park 68:16
Heath Fritillary 64:1
Large Heath 77:27
planning to photograph British list of butterflies 77:11–12
Silver-studded Blue 90:17
Wildlife Garden at Aldeburgh 80:8, 80:24, 80:25
Wood White 64:24, 77:12
cutting and mowing, for meadow wildflowers 68:7, 79:21

Dahlia Queen 88:14, 88:14
Dales Local Nature Reserve, Ipswich 83:14
Dame's-violet (Hesperis matronalis) 76:13, 77:24
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) 68:8, 76:13
Daneway Banks, Gloucestershire 88:10–11
Dare, Peter 54:12–13
Dark Green Fritillary (Argynnis aglaja) 51:15i, 64:7
annual butterfly reports 54:8, 75:11, 78:9, 81:21, 87:10
distribution maps 78:18, 78:26
Fackenden Down, Kent 51:15
and High Brown Fritillary, photography 77:12
releases 84:20
Dark Sky Dancing (haiku verse by Richard Stewart) 51:5, 51:20
Dark Umber (Philereme transversata), larva 51:2
Davies, Sue 65:17–18
day-flying moths 63:20, 63:28, 81:32
recording 62:22–23, 79:8
review of Britain's Day-flying Moths 58:17
DC moth traps 79:12–13
dead hedging, Purdis Heath 56:8, 56:9
Dean, Mike 52:4
Butterfly Conservation 59:12
finding Purple Hairstreaks 53:29–30
Orange-tip egg-laying 64:9
Purple Hairstreak larva 53:31
Silver-washed Fritillary egg-laying 70:12
Death's-head Hawk-moth (Acherontia atropos) 82:26
Delattin's Grayling (Hipparchia volgensis) 89:16
Demeter 79:20
Denbies, Surrey 55:16, 70:14
Dennis, Jeanette 76:28
Dennis, Roger L. H., Butterfly Biology Systems: connections and interactions in life history and behaviour 80:24–25
Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs (Defra) 73:14
Derham, Ken 84:9, 84:9
Devil's-bit Scabious (Succisa pratensis) 68:11
Devil's Dyke, Cambridgeshire 71:26, 73:10
Devil's Dyke, Newmarket
Adonis Blue, etc 82:16–17
Chalkhill Blue 59:13, 64:8
Diadem or False Tiger (Hypolimnas misippus) 56:2, 56:10–11
Dickinson, Neil 67:2, 67:10
Dingy Skipper (Erynnis tages) 55:7, 55:7i, 59:14, 69:23, 74:20i, 78:32, 81:21, 87:6i, 87:28, 89:20, 90:3i, 90:27, 93:21
2011 51:7, 52:6
annual butterfly reports 54:7, 57:6, 60:9, 63:11–12, 66:12, 69:9–11, 72:13–15, 78:9, 78:32–33, 81:17, 81:21, 84:15, 84:16–17, 87:10, 87:15, 93:21
Bison Hill, Dunstable 85:23
distribution maps 78:26, 78:33, 81:17, 90:18
event report 2024 90:27
flight periods 84:23
King's Forest heat map 91:25
releases 84:20
surveys 66:12, 70:15, 75:24–25, 75:28, 89:20–23, 91:24–25
distribution maps (Suffolk)
2011-15 66:2
2015-19 78:24–32
2019 78:17–24
2023 90:9
BAP priority species 63:2, 84:25–27, 90:18–23
 see also Suffolk Butterfly Reports (under species maps or distribution maps); individual butterfly species
Doherty, Jimmy 51:2, 51:11
Don, Monty 73:17
Dorking, Surrey 53:19–21
Dove's Foot Crane's-bill (Geranium molle) 88:15, 89:8–9
Dowding, David 84:5
Bonny Wood 64:17
Common Birdsfoot and Silver-studded Blue 77:18
Holly Blue 80:27
Honeysuckle project 83:14, 84:12, 84:32
Landseer Park 76:18
Landseer Park and Pipers Vale 64:15
Purple Emperor 64:23
Silver-studded Blue, in Suffolk Butterfly Reports 66:12–13, 69:11–12, 72:15–16
Silver-studded Blue pupa 67:23
Urban Buzz Ipswich 72:20
White Admiral 83:28
Dowding, Julian
Balkan butterfly holiday 59:20–22, 59:23
Bonny Wood 64:17
Brimstone eggs and larva 56:2
Brimstones and Buckthorn project 52:8, 53:12, 56:6, 58:18, 60:13–14
buckthorn aftercare 56:7
Clouded Yellow on Purdis Heath 71:20
Common Birdsfoot and Silver-studded Blue 77:18
Ipswich Heaths Project 58:6
Jimmy's Farm 51:2
Landseer Park and Pipers Vale 64:15
Large Wall Brown (not "Lattice Brown") 55:27
mowing with scythes 76:17, 82:14
Purdis Heath 56:9, 85:5
Purdis Heath restoration project 50:6–8
Purdis Heath updates 59:9–10, 61:8, 63:18–20, 67:20–22, 71:17–18, 86:32–33
wildflower meadows and native plants in gardens 68:6–11
Downe Bank, Kent 51:13–14, 51:23
dragonflies, mercury pollution 91:18
drought(s)
2018 74:22
Cavenham Heath 85:26–27
effects of 86:37, 87:16
Drummond, Laurence 60:1
dry point etchings 72:22–23
Duke of Burgundy (Hamearis lucina) 51:9, 51:9i, 75:22, 76:10–11, 76:11, 76:23, 85:1, 85:22–23, 91:13
Dunelm 87:2
Dunwich Forest 82:9, 82:12
Dusky Clearwing (Paranthrene tabaniformis) 88:18
Dusky Heath (Coenonympha dorus) 71:28
dwarfism 55:9, 92:19–20
Dykman, Sara, Bicycling with Butterflies 86:30–31

Eade, Bob 88:18, 90:24
earliest & latest records 53:28t, 78:14t
early & late (annual butterfly reports)
2011 54:7
2012 57:6
2013 60:7
2014 63:7–8
2015 66:9
2016 69:7
2017 72:10
2018 75:9–10, 75:16
2019 78:6
early emergence 51:6–7, 56:7, 73:12–13
early morning fliers 73:9
Earthwatch (conservation charity) 50:22
East Anglia ONE (offshore wind farm) 54:11, 55:9
East Anglian Daily Times, Sutton Heath 73:12–13
Easterbrook, Michael, Butterflies of Britain & Ireland: a field and site guide 77:26
Eastern Bath White (Pontia edusa) 55:27
Easy Recorder British Butterflies (app) 57:12
easyfundraising 80:9
eBay 53:18, 92:20
ecdysis 83:25
Edburton, Sussex 56:22–24, 56:27
Eeles, Peter
British and Irish Butterfly Rarities, Migrants, Extinctions and Introductions 89:17–19
Life Cycle of British and Irish Butterflies 77:26, 89:19
Elba 83:18
Elephant Hawk-moth (Deilephila elpenor) 68:2, 82:2, 82:25, 88:28, 91:9
larva 68:2, 68:12
Elm Zig-zag Sawfly (Aproceros leucopoda) 73:15
larval damage 73:23
elms (Ulmus spp.)
Elm Zig-zag Sawfly 73:15, 73:23
Ulmus 'Nanguen' Lutèce 76:24, 76:24, 77:25
White-letter Hairstreak 52:23, 52:25, 63:13, 69:18–19, 81:30–31
Elmswell 72:21, 73:8–9
emergence see early & late (annual butterfly reports); early emergence
Emperor Moth (Saturnia pavonia) 84:29
eggs 83:27
pupa 91:2
Environment Agency, coastal defence work 54:11
Erigeron (fleabane spp.) 68:11, 77:24, 82:22
Eriocrania sparrmannella (Mottled Purple leaf-miner moth) 87:22, 87:22
Ermine (moth spp.), larval webs 90:25
Esperia sulphurella 78:40
Essex
Heath Fritillary 91:10–12
Hockley Wood 64:14, 76:7
Essex Skipper (Thymelicus lineola) 52:32, 83:22
distribution maps 78:19, 78:26
by Kev Ling 87:19
and Small Skipper compared 88:18–19, 88:19
Estonia 64:19–23
etchings, dry point 72:22–23
European Conservation Action Network (EuCAN) 68:17
European Interests Group (EIG), Butterfly Conservation 68:19
European White Elm (Ulmus laevis) 69:18–19
Exning see A14 project, Newmarket
exotic species 64:8
extreme climatic events (ECEs), and butterfly population changes 69:5, 85:6–7
eyes, butterfly identification puzzle 85:2, 85:32
Eyke, Woodbridge 52:16

Facebook 50:12
Recording Moths in Suffolk 75:5
sharing photos 55:24
White Admirals 55:20–21
Fackenden Down, Kent 51:14–15
Fairman, Perry 61:22, 61:23
False Ilex Hairstreak (Satyrium esculi) 86:24
False Tiger or Diadem (Hypolimnas misippus) 56:2, 56:10–11
farmers/ farming
and dearth of butterflies 55:17
impact on moths of flailing hedgerows 63:24–26
and neonicotinoids 80:21–22
for wildlife at Burgh House Farm 81:9–10
farmland butterflies 73:14
farmland surveys 71:8, 74:10–11
Farrow, Malcolm 51:1
Faull, Harry 86:39, 89:2, 92:1, 92:21
Feeney, Mary and Peter 72:21, 72:23, 73:8
Felixstowe 60:2
Felixstowe Ferry 71:24
Felton, Sam 83:6–7
Ferguson, Jane 90:13
Field Elm (Ulmus minor Ademuz) 69:18, 69:19
field events, safety information 74:17, 77:16
Field Guide to the Caterpillars of Great Britain and Ireland (Sterling) 77:26
Field Scabious (Knautia arvensis) 68:10, 68:11
Figure of Eight (Diloba caeruleocephala) 63:25, 63:26
finance 80:7 see also accounts
Fisher Kay, Christine 85:28
Fitch, Ellynor 77:28
Five-spot Burnet (Zygaena trifolii) 63:28, 81:32
Flatford Butterfly Garden 65:20
Flatford Mill 61:2
fleabanes (Erigeron spp.) 68:11, 77:24, 82:22
Flickr 55:24
Flight Behaviour (Kingsolver), review by Mark Brewster 92:23
flight periods 51:24t, 56:28t, 79:22t, 86:40t
BAP priority species 84:23–24t
Flint, Darren 58:7–8, 65:8, 65:9
Flower Crab Spider 88:2
Flowton Brook Farm 57:14
foodplants, larval 62:12, 66:20, 73:19, 79:29
adaptability 88:15–17
Hummingbird Hawk-moth 65:18
Orange-tip 66:20, 68:21, 77:24, 82:21
Silver-studded Blue 77:18
Toadflax Brocade 79:8–9
forage harvesting, Purdis Heath 59:9, 65:9–10
Forest Enterprise, Theberton Woods 62:15
Forester (Adscita statices) 63:28, 82:11–12
Forestry Commission, Shifting Sands project 71:9
Forestry England
Theberton Wood/s 80:10–12, 83:6–9, 83:7–8, 86:33–35
Theberton Woods Thinning Operations 2022 83:6
Formentere, France 51:17–18
Fornham St Genevieve 94:15–16
Foster, Jim 51:16, 51:23, 56:27, 71:6
Chalkhill Blue probable aberration 56:25
obituary 71:6
South Cumbria 58:23–24
Foster, Ros 71:6
Foulshaw Moss, Cumbria 58:21, 58:23
Fox, Richard
Big Butterfly Count 51:12
day-flying moths and caterpillar recording 62:22–23
guidance on sightings of non-native species 61:14–15
overwintering 56:14–15
Painted Lady migration 56:17
taxonomy changes for UK species 52:19
Wall Brown third generation 62:14
Fox, Tony 70:1, 85:15, 90:27
Fox Moth (Macrothylacia rubi) 82:12
Foxglove (Digitalis purpurea) 68:10
fruit, as nectar source 66:21, 86:17
Fry, Reg 52:27
fundraising
AmazonSmile 80:9, 86:37
shopping online 67:19, 80:9
Spring Wood Celebration Day 75:23–24
Waitrose's Community Matters scheme 73:7

Gada, Valay 79:2
Gait Barrows, Cumbria 58:19–20, 58:24
Galium (bedstraw spp.) 65:18
Garden Butterfly Survey 81:8
garden nectar plants/ sources (series by Richard Stewart)
A is for Arabis 73:18
autumn 66:21
B is for Buddleia and Bowles Mauve Wallflower 74:23
C is for Candytuft 75:20
D is for Dandelion and Dames' Violet 76:13
E is for Erigeron 77:24
G is for Goldenrod 79:14
H is for Hyacinth and Hemp Agrimony 80:17
I is for Ivy 81:23
L is for Laurel and Lavender 82:20–21
M is for Michaelmas Daisy and Marjoram 83:21–22
M to O 84:7
P is for Phlox, Privet and Purple Loosestrife 85:16
R is for Ragwort and Rotten fruit 86:17
S is for Sweet Rocket, Sweet William, Strawberry Tree, Sedum 87:17
spring 64:10
summer 65:19
T is for Thrift, Teasel, Tobacco Plant and Thyme 88:12–13
top twenty 91:18
V is for Viper's Bugloss, Valerian and Verbena Bonariensis 89:13–14
garden plants
for butterflies 62:18–20, 63:23, 67:7–8, 73:17
containing pesticides 72:9
for moths 79:8–9
wildflowers 55:21–22, 68:8–11
 see also foodplants, larval; lawns; nectar plants
garden recording 72:9, 80:18, 81:8
Garden Tiger (Arctia caja) 85:15
Gardening Which (magazine) 83:25
gardening with harmony (website) 88:14
Garlic Mustard (Alliaria petiolata) 82:21
and Orange-tip 64:9, 66:20, 74:26
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany 84:10
Gatekeeper (Pyronia tithonus) 53:2, 68:11i, 76:28, 79:21, 84:16, 84:28, 85:13
distribution maps 78:19, 78:26
by Kev Ling 87:19
Gatekeeper (Pyronia tithonus ab. antilacticolor) 86:14
Gatekeeper (Pyronia tithonus ab. excessa) 93:6
The Gatekeeper (poem by Ian Whybrow) 84:28
generations
second smaller 2018 73:13
three, Wall Brown 62:14, 63:14, 78:36–37, 84:17–18
Gent, Bob 85:18
George, Martin 62:13, 67:9
George, Wilfrid 53:18, 89:14
Why Are We Netting (poem) 54:18
Georgia 76:9–10
Geranium Bronze (Cacyreus marshalli) 65:2, 65:15, 66:10
Geranium molle (Dove's Foot Crane's-bill) 88:15
Gibbons, Roger 89:6–7
Giffords Hall, Stoke-by-Nayland 85:12
Gilburn, Andre 65:17
Gill, David 79:7, 79:31, 79:32
Gillespie, Sarah 82:27, 82:28
Gilson, Paul 86:16–17
Gislingham Primary School 66:29
Give as you Live 67:19
Glanville, Eleanor 51:19
Glanville Fritillary (Melitaea cinxia) 51:19i, 73:2, 77:28, 87:10, 87:10, 91:14
Isle of Wight 73:11
Glapton Cow Pastures, Northamptonshire 71:23
Glasswing (Ithomia arduinna) 77:25
Goddard, Steve 52:12, 52:32, 74:5, 75:2
obituary 75:6–7
goldenrods (Solidago spp.) 79:14
golf clubs, sell-offs 80:19–20
Gómez González, Homero 79:27
Gondris, Patricia 82:26
Goodall, Ian 91:27
Goodfellow, Trevor 73:23, 83:27, 89:23
2018 drought effects 74:22
2019 76:8
2025 and Clearwings 94:7–8
aberrations 76:27, 86:13, 86:13–15, 86:16
Adela reaumurella 78:39
Adonis Blue and rarity-spotting 82:16–17, 82:16
Ash Bud Moth 81:9
Bedstraw Hawk-moth 94:20
Bradfield Woods 85:10–11, 85:10–11, 88:25
Brimstone 71:1, 78:2
broods or generations 89:19
Brown Argus 74:1
Brown Argus ab. snelleni ter Haar 58:2, 58:9, 60:35, 79:31
Brown Argus variations 60:33, 79:26
Buff-tip 88:26
building moth traps 64:12–13, 79:12–13
Burgh House Farm 81:10
butterfly identification guide 85:32
camouflage 91:8–10, 91:8–10
Chalkhill Blue 74:8, 81:7
Clearwing and Puss Moth replicas 84:8, 84:8
Clearwings 73:24
Clifden Nonpareil 86:2, 88:2
Coleophora conspicuella larval case 87:2
Common Blue aberrations 52:32, 69:24
Cream-spot Tiger 90:27
day-flying moths 63:20, 63:28
Dingy Skipper 69:23, 78:32, 89:20, 91:24
Dingy Skipper summaries 89:20–23, 91:24–25
Duke of Burgundy 76:10–11, 76:11
effects of extreme climatic events (ECEs) 85:6–7
Esperia sulphurella 78:40
Essex Skipper 83:22
events reports 2024 90:26–27, 91:19, 91:19
Five-spot Burnet 81:32
Garden Tiger 85:15
Gatekeeper 85:13
golf club sell-offs 80:19–20
Grayling 91:21
Grayling survey 82:15
Great Green Bush-cricket 88:26
Green Farm butterfly walk, Thurston 88:21–22, 88:21
Hawk Moths caught by MV Robinson trap 88:28
Heart & Dart 85:29
Heath Fritillary 76:1, 76:7, 76:7
high-fliers and low-down highlights 2022 85:16–17
Holly Blue 88:16, 94:6
Hornet Clearwing 72:1
Hornet Moth 79:23–24, 79:31
housing development, Thurston 81:30–31
Knapweed Case-bearer 76:2
Langham Walled Garden 82:15–16
Large Skipper 82:20
Leopard Moth 79:31
Marbled White 90:28, 94:1
Meadow Brown 78:1
Migrant Hawker 91:18
moth traps for loan 81:29, 85:29, 86:31
moths at Open Garden Day, Prior's Oak 85:14–15
moths in lock-down 79:7
moths trapped at Thurston 85:30–31, 85:30
Mottled Purple leaf-miner moth 87:22
Nemophora degeerella 78:39
Orange-tip 57:2, 84:12
Painted Lady 73:1, 82:16
Pakenham Water Mill events 76:22, 82:14, 84:30, 87:27, 94:16
Pakenham Wood 82:12–13, 85:12–13, 91:22–23, 91:23
Peacock 90:7
Pebble Prominent larva 89:1
Poplar Hawk-moth 75:1
Poplar Kitten 86:2
Purple Emperor 74:11, 79:32, 85:10, 94:18
Purple Hairstreak 88:2, 88:23
rainfall records, Thurston 85:25–26
Red Admiral with pupal shell 77:23, 77:27
Rosy Footman 76:20
Rougham Estate and Bramfield 74:10–11
Silver-studded Blue 67:1, 91:17
Silver-washed Fritillary 74:28, 82:1, 85:10
Silver-washed Fritillary (form valezina) 64:2
Six-belted Clearwing 85:17
Six-spot Burnet 77:9, 81:32, 93:1
Six-spot Burnet form flava 82:2
Small and Essex Skippers compared 88:18–19, 88:19
Small Copper 88:1
Small Heath 78:37
Small Tortoiseshell aberrations and size 85:7–8, 85:7
Speckled Yellow 87:28
Spotted Flycatcher 94:10
Tachystola (micro moth spp.) 89:23
Theberton Wood 83:28
thermal imaging devices 82:23, 82:23
Thurston leaflet drop 88:20, 88:20
verge-cutting 79:28
Vine's Rustic 85:29
White Admiral 64:23, 74:28, 88:24
White-letter Hairstreak 74:11, 78:34, 85:17
wildflower meadow project at Fornham St Genevieve 94:15–16
Winter Moth 83:1
Wyken Vineyards 76:20–21
Yellow-spot Tortrix 81:9
Goodyear, Liz, Purple Emperor (Apatura iris) survey of Suffolk 2013 60:15–30
gorses (Ulex spp.), Purdis Heath 71:20
Gosbee, Mark 79:32
Goulson, Dave 65:18, 72:9
Grape Hyacinth (Muscari neglectum) 80:17
grass, when to cut 79:21
grass management project, Ipswich 53:16–17
grassland habitat 53:17
Grayling (Hipparchia semele) 55:8, 55:8i, 57:2, 68:13i, 74:12i, 77:23i, 88:2, 88:26, 88:27, 91:21, 93:16
annual butterfly reports 54:8, 57:6, 60:9, 63:13–14, 66:14, 69:13, 72:18, 78:35, 81:19, 84:17, 87:13, 93:16–17
camouflage 91:9–10, 91:10
Cavenham Heath 85:27
distribution maps 78:26, 78:35, 90:19
elaborate courtship 57:17–18
flight periods 84:23
Minsmere 55:20
Purdis Heath 67:21
Rendlesham Forest 88:27
surveys 82:15
Sutton Heath 73:12
Winterton, Norfolk 53:21, 57:17–18
Great Blakenham 88:18
Great Glemham Farms 59:19–20
Great Green Bush-cricket (Tettigonia viridissima) 88:26
Great Peacock (Saturnia pyri) 90:26
Greater Anglia (train operator) 79:14, 81:6
Greater Celandine (Chelidonium majus) 68:9
Grecian Copper (Lycaena ottomana) 55:27
Greece 55:27, 65:23
butterfly holidays 59:20–22, 68:19–20
Crete 69:22
haikai by Richard Stewart 50:13
Kefalonia 89:15–17
Kerkini 50:14–18
late-season butterflies 86:25–26
Plain Tiger in Peloponnese 92:12–13, 92:12–14
Rhodes 50:24–25, 52:31, 54:20–22, 54:22, 54:23
Green, Anne and Steve 88:2, 88:18
Green Alkanet (Pentaglottis sempervirens) 68:1, 68:8–9
Green Farm, Thurston 88:21–22, 88:21
Green Hairstreak (Callophrys rubi) 51:6i, 65:11i, 66:1, 72:20i, 75:28, 77:25, 78:40, 79:16, 90:8, 93:8, 93:20
2011 51:6
aberrations 55:2, 55:11, 86:16
Bison Hill, Dunstable 85:22
distribution maps 66:2, 78:19, 78:27
Kiln Meadow and Martlesham Common 79:11
larvae 64:2, 64:11
Rhodes, Greece 54:21
wing structures 66:24
Green Hairstreak (Callophrys rubi ab. bipunctata) 86:14
Green Long-horn (Adela reaumurella) 78:39
Green Silver-lines (Pseudoips prasinana) 82:28
Green-underside Blue (Glaucopsyche alexis) 54:21, 54:23
Green-veined White (Pieris napi) 53:2, 81:10, 87:16
compared with Southern Small White 94:13
distribution maps 78:19, 78:27
identification guide 80:2
Greenways Countryside Project 50:7–8
Greenwings Wildlife Holidays 59:20–22, 59:23, 64:19–23
Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea) 58:24
Grizzled Skipper (Pyrgus malvae) 51:23, 85:23, 85:23, 86:23–24
Guangxi, China 73:14
gynandromorphism, bilateral 62:21, 87:9
gyroid structures 66:24

habitat creation, Urban Buzz Ipswich 72:20
habitat destruction, and connectivity 62:16–17
habitat improvements, Purdis Heath 53:15–16
habitat management
Purdis Heath 59:9–10, 61:8, 63:18–19, 63:27, 65:9–10, 67:20–21
for Silver-studded Blue 59:15, 61:18–19
habitat piles, Purdis Heath 50:7, 52:9–10
Hadleigh
railway walk 52:15
 see also Wolves Wood, Hadleigh
Haggart, Claire 79:31
haikai (verses by Richard Stewart) 50:13, 51:20, 55:14, 58:22, 62:7
Hainsworth, Chris 85:26–27
hairstreak spp. 84:15
camouflage 91:10
distribution maps 66:2
 see also individual species, e.g. Green Hairstreak (Callophrys rubi)
Halesworth 84:9, 84:9
Halls, Bruce 50:22
Halls Farm, Norton 76:5, 76:28
Hammersley, Douglas 55:5, 55:7–9i, 55:27
Black Hairstreak 71:23i
Brown Argus 68:13i
Chalkhill Blue 64:8i
Dark Green Fritillary 51:15i
Dingy Skipper 74:20i, 90:3i
Duke of Burgundy 51:9i
Grayling 68:13i, 74:12i
Green Hairstreak 51:6i, 65:11i
Purple Emperor 60:30i, 67:15i
Purple Hairstreak 53:30i
Silver-studded Blue 58:11i
Swallowtail 62:4i
Wall Brown 50:27, 51:2, 51:7i, 74:9i, 94:2i
White Admiral 67:14i
White-letter Hairstreak 51:7i, 80:17i
Hampshire, Gail 93:6
Harding, Robert 80:19–20
Harleston 88:4, 88:13–14, 88:24–25, 91:20
Harmer, A. S. (Alec) 58:9, 59:8, 61:3, 85:8
Harrison, Paul 71:27
Harvey, Robin 56:12, 56:27
Hawkins, Juliet 71:8, 74:10–11
Hayes, Geoff 62:2, 62:7
Healey, David 56:2
Healey, David and Ann 56:10–11
Hearle, Sharon 92:8
Cavenham Heath 82:11–12
Cavenham Heath moth trapping 76:19–20
Ipswich Heaths Project 56:8
Shifting Sands project 71:2, 71:9
Heart & Dart (Agrotis exclamationis) 85:29
Heath Fritillary (Melitaea athalia) 64:1, 64:7, 64:14i, 76:1, 76:7, 84:1, 84:29, 88:8, 92:21
in Essex, by Kev Ling 91:10–12, 91:11
Hockley Wood 64:14, 76:7
heathers (Calluna vulgaris and Erica spp.), forage harvesting at Purdis Heath 59:9, 65:9–10, 67:20
heathland habitat, Purdis Heath 58:7–8
Hebrew Character (Orthosia gothica) 87:23
hedgerows, impact of flailing on moths 63:24–26
hedging, dead, Purdis Heath 56:8, 56:9
Helmingham Hall, Plant Heritage Fairs 66:30–31, 69:24, 70:15, 72:2
hemolymph 79:28
Hemp Agrimony (Eupatorium cannabinum) 68:10, 80:17
Henderson, Jane
breeding Brimstones 76:15–16
Brimstone 76:2
Brimstone pupa 76:16
Brown Argus 76:12, 80:28
Brown Argus variant ter Haar 80:22, 80:27
Chequered Skipper and Flower Crab Spider 88:2
Clouded Yellow and Crab Spider 71:28
Corn-Cockle 79:18
Emperor Moth 84:29
Giffords Hall, Stoke-by-Nayland 85:12
Holly Blue 71:13
hoverfly on Chamomile 79:18
moth and Peacock wings 83:20
Purple Hairstreak (ab. trans-latefasciata) 85:24
Purple Hairstreak in extreme heat 85:24
Small Tortoiseshell with pupal shell 77:23, 77:27
wildflowers from seed 82:22
Hesperiidae (Skippers), annual butterfly reports 87:15,
90:16
hibernation see overwintering
Hickling Broad, Norfolk, and Swallowtails 62:13, 70:14, 83:18–19
High Brown Fritillary (Argynnis adippe) 58:21i, 58:24, 63:10–11, 64:7, 77:28
and Dark Green Fritillary, photography 77:12
Highways England, A14 project, Newmarket 70:7–8
hill-topping 55:22–23
Hintlesham, Ramsey Wood 67:14, 67:15
Hintlesham Wood, Purple Emperor survey 60:25
Hitch, Annie 83:20
Hoare, Dan 76:23
Hobson, Geoff 51:16
Hockley Wood, Essex 64:14, 76:7, 91:12
Holkham NNR, Norfolk 73:10
Holly Blue (Celastrina argiolus) 50:20i, 51:6i, 64:24, 66:20, 66:32, 71:13, 80:27, 81:23, 88:16, 90:26, 94:6
2020 81:15–16
annual butterfly reports 93:19
Beccles, Ceanothus, etc 93:9–10
Bird's-foot-trefoil 88:17, 88:17
distribution maps 78:19, 78:27
eggs on Bay 66:32
foodplants 88:15–16, 94:6
larvae 88:16
mating pairs 93:8
Holmes, Sandra 82:17–19, 83:22–23, 83:25, 85:20
Holmes, Steve 81:25, 82:18
Holywells Park, Ipswich 53:12, 69:23, 92:16, 92:16, 93:27
Honesty (Lunaria annua) 82:21
honeybees, and neonicotinoid insecticides 53:22, 53:23
Honeysuckle (Lonicera periclymenum) 79:9
Broad-bordered Bee Hawk-moth larvae 54:14
White Admiral 56:18, 56:19, 81:24
Honeysuckle planting project, Ipswich 83:14, 84:12, 84:32
Honister Pass, Cumbria 67:16–17
Hornet Clearwing (Sesia apiformis) see Hornet Moth (Sesia apiformis)
Hornet Moth (Sesia apiformis) 63:28, 72:1, 79:23–24, 79:31, 94:8
Horseshoe Vetch (Hippocrepis comosa) 81:7
A14 project, Newmarket 70:7, 70:8, 81:6–7
housing development 79:28
Thurston 80:21, 81:30, 81:30–31, 83:19–20, 88:20
hoverfly 79:18
Hudson, Brenda 52:25
Hummingbird Hawk-moth (Macroglossum stellatarum) 64:9, 65:18, 74:27, 81:27, 86:39
egg 64:2
larvae 89:26, 94:20
nectaring in Ipswich 86:16–17
Hutchings, Ed 65:24
hyacinths (Hyacinthus spp.) 80:17

Ilex Hairstreak (Satyrium ilicis) 86:24
Ilketshall St Andrew 93:7–10
imidacloprid (insecticide) 83:15
imports 65:15
In Pursuit of Butterflies (Oates), review by Richard Stewart 66:27–28
income and expenditure see accounts
instars 83:25
introductions see releases
Invertebrate Link 61:13
Invertebrate translocation – a code of conservation practice (Invertebrate Link) 61:13
invertebrates, Purdis Heath 67:21–22, 67:23
Ipswich
2019 78:8–9
2024 92:16
Brimstone 53:12
butterfly gardens 93:27
butterfly species recorded 52:13
garden nectar sources 64:10, 65:19, 66:21
grass management project 53:16–17
Honeysuckle project 83:14, 84:12, 84:32
Hummingbird Hawk-moth 86:16–17
Red Admiral 81:25
Small Tortoiseshell 60:34
Strawberry Tree 79:24–25
Swallowtail gorganus release 61:11
Urban Buzz (Buglife project) 68:14, 70:9, 76:18
Valley Road 79:14, 79:16
White Admiral 81:25
White-letter Hairstreak 52:13
 see also Christchurch Park, Landseer Park, Piper's Vale and other parks or reserves; Purdis Heath
Ipswich Borough Council
Ipswich Wildlife Network 68:6
propagation of elm Ulmus laevis 69:18–19
Ransomes County Wildlife Site 52:7
Wild Ipswich 68:14–15
 see also Kiln Meadow, Ipswich
Ipswich Golf Club 55:12, 77:9, 86:32
Ipswich Heaths Project 56:8, 58:6, 65:8, 67:20 see also Purdis Heath
Ipswich Wildlife Network 68:6
iRecord Butterflies (app) 57:12, 65:21
Irton Fell, Cumbria 67:17–18
Isle of Wight 73:11
Italy 94:11
Ivy (Hedera felix) 66:21, 68:11, 81:23, 81:23
Izumi (artist) 84:8, 86:5i, 86:33i, 87:6i

Jackson, Graham
2022-24 93:7–10
aberrations 86:14
Australian butterflies 89:27–35, 89:28–31
Brown Argus and foodplants 88:15
Brown Argus egg-laying 88:15
Brown Argus larva 91:8
Brown Argus second broods 89:8–9
Brown Argus, Small Copper, etc, in Beccles 86:15–16, 88:17
Common Blue pair 86:1, 86:38
Holly Blue and foodplants 88:15–16
Holly Blue larvae 88:16
Peacock larvae 88:21
spider on Purging Buckthorn 87:2
jasmines (Jasminum spp.) 82:20
Jersey Tiger (Euplagia quadripunctaria) 65:2, 65:12
Jewel Beetle 52:31
Jimmy's Farm 51:2, 51:11
John, Eddie 65:2
Johnson, Alan 50:19–20, 77:10
Johnson, Beryl 77:2, 77:3
Brimstone 53:12i, 68:8i
Brown Argus 61:21i, 62:12i
Clouded Yellow 59:7i
Comma 59:6i, 66:22i, 73:19i, 80:17i, 86:37i
Common Blue 55:14i, 68:9i, 77:26i, 79:30i
Grayling 77:23i
Green Hairstreak 72:20i
Heath Fritillary 64:14i
High Brown Fritillary 58:21i
Holly Blue 50:20i
Large Skipper 77:1i
Marbled White 51:14i, 80:22i
Meadow Brown 51:14i, 54:17i, 73:22i
obituary 77:10
Orange-tip 59:12i, 62:20i, 74:26i
Painted Lady 66:29i, 74:23i, 77:22i, 78:12i, 94:4i
Red Admiral 50:19i, 71:22i, 78:37i, 80:8i
Silver-studded Blue 61:19i
sketches 73:18i, 78:38i, 79:10i, 80:26i
Small Copper 53:14i, 57:9i
Small Heath 61:20i, 91:26i
Small Tortoiseshell 53:9i, 58:14i, 65:19i, 73:9i, 77:10i
Speckled Wood 77:24i
Swallowtail 52:14i, 67:9i
White Admiral 51:13i, 52:7i, 58:10i, 70:6i, 76:22i
White-letter Hairstreak 53:7i
Johnson, Paul
Betchworth to Dorking, Surrey Downs 53:19–21
Downe Bank and Fackenden Down, Kent 51:13–15
Edburton to Beddingham Hill, Sussex 56:22–25
Lord of the Mountains trilogy 67:16–18
Jones, Dave 76:27
Jones, Fay 53:13–14, 66:29
Jones, Kevin 61:18–19
Jones, Neil 52:26–27
Journal of Animal Ecology 85:6–7

Kaye, Rupert 59:13–14
Keeley, Sheila 52:25
Kefalonia, Greece 89:15–17
Kelling Heath, Norfolk 61:18–19
Kent
Clowes Wood 90:24
field event 51:13–15
Kent estuary, Cumbria 58:24
Kenton Hills, Leiston 61:21, 76:21–22
Kesgrave 62:18–19, 63:23
Keyes, Chas 85:11
Khamama (designer brand) 79:28
Kidney Vetch (Anthyllis vulneraria) 76:23
Kiln Meadow, Ipswich 70:10–11, 75:23–24, 75:28, 79:11
Kilshaw, Sarah 61:24
Kimber, J. F. 85:8i
King, Allan 87:10
King, Jon 52:15, 76:2, 76:27
King's Forest
Dingy Skipper in annual butterfly reports 59:14, 72:13–15, 78:32–33, 81:17, 84:16
Dingy Skipper surveys 57:4, 63:12, 66:12, 69:10, 75:24–25, 89:20–23, 91:24–25
field event 81:31, 81:31
Grayling survey 82:15
Red Admiral abundance 73:20
Shifting Sands project 71:2, 71:9
Kingsolver, Barbara, Flight Behaviour (review) 92:23
Kitchener, Paul 81:32, 86:2, 87:25
Knapweed Case-bearer (Coleophora conspicuella) 76:8
larva 76:2
Knapweed Fritillary (Melitaea phoebe) 91:13
knapweeds (Centaurea spp.) 68:10, 68:11i, 82:20
Knettishall Heath 51:5

lacewings (Chrysopidae spp.), larva 82:22
Lackey (Malacosoma neustria) 63:25
larvae 50:2, 50:9
Lady of the Butterflies (Mountain), review by Richard Stewart 51:19
Lady's Smock (Cardamine pratensis) 68:8
Lafranchis, Tristan 59:20
Lakenheath 55:20
Landscape Recovery 81:30
Landseer Park, Ipswich 53:16, 72:20, 76:18–19, 87:10
Brimstone 53:12
field events 64:15, 71:24
Marbled White 60:8
Small Blue 84:11
wildflower area 72:2
Langdon, William 68:21–23, 68:24
Langham Walled Garden 82:15, 82:16
Lang's Short-tailed Blue (Leptotes pirithous) 74:2, 86:23, 86:25
Lappet (Gastropacha quercifolia) 52:18, 63:25, 63:26
larva 52:18i
Large Blue (Maculinea arion) 80:21, 85:9, 88:9–12
Large Chequered Skipper (Heteropterus morpheus) 64:23, 77:27
Large Heath (Coenonympha tullia) 58:20–21, 58:23, 77:27
Large Skipper (Ochlodes venata) 77:1i, 79:21, 82:20, 89:2, 93:21
distribution maps 78:20, 78:27
by Kev Ling 87:19
Large Tortoiseshell (Nymphalis polychloros) 64:6, 79:27, 90:13
annual butterfly reports 69:7–8, 78:8, 81:20, 84:15, 84:19, 87:10, 93:22–23
compared with Scarce Tortoiseshell 61:23
distribution maps 78:20, 78:27
field identification 60:2, 60:2
with Silver-washed Fritillary 85:28
Large Wall Brown (Lasiommata maera) 50:2, 54:21, 55:27, 89:17
Large White (Pieris brassicae)
2014 63:16
compared with Southern Small White 94:13
distribution maps 78:20, 78:27
identification guide 80:2
migration to Suffolk coast 76:26
and Nasturtium 66:20
parasitism 93:15
reflectance basking and solar energy 67:12
winter larvae 65:3
larvae
arrested pupal ecdysis and neonicotinoids 83:15
feeding periods, and when to cut grass 79:21
 see also caterpillars; foodplants, larval
latest & earliest records 53:28t, 78:14t
Latterbarrow, Cumbria 58:21
laurels (Lauraceae spp.) 82:20, 83:22
lavenders (Lavandula spp.) 51:20, 55:21, 82:20, 82:20–21
lawns 55:21–22, 73:16
Laxfield 81:25
Le Mar, Guy 90:26
Leatherdale, Simon 60:24, 61:12
leaves, and lawns 73:16
LED moth traps 79:12–13
legacies 57:8 see also Susie Mellor Legacy
Leiston, Kenton Hills and Sizewell Belts 61:21, 76:21–22
Leng, Andrew 74:11, 79:24
Leng, Jane 77:24, 79:2, 84:12
Leopard Moth (Zeuzera pyrina) 79:31
Lepley, John, Theberton Woods updates 83:6–9, 83:7–8, 86:33–35
Lesser Fiery Copper (Lycaena thersamon) 50:2, 52:30i, 52:31, 54:21, 54:23, 59:23
Lewis, Dafydd 73:16
Life Cycle of British and Irish Butterflies (Eeles) 77:26
Lime Hawk-moth (Mimas tiliae) 88:28
Lindsey, Mary 87:23, 87:23
Ling, Kevin (or Kev)
Belstead's nature reserves 70:10–11
Black Hairstreak at Brampton Wood 86:26–28, 86:27
Bonny Wood 67:2, 67:11
Brimstone 93:31–32, 93:32
Brimstones and Buckthorn 72:21, 84:8–9
Chalkhill Blue 71:27
Comma 70:2
Cotley Hill, Wiltshire 69:21, 69:23
Devil's Dyke, Cambridgeshire 71:26
Duke of Burgundy 85:1, 85:23
Dukes, Dingies, Grizzlies 85:22–23
gardening for butterflies 66:20
Green Hairstreak 66:1, 75:28, 78:40, 79:11, 79:16
Grizzled Skipper 85:23
Heath Fritillary in Essex 91:10–12, 91:11
Lukeswood, Elmswell 73:8–9
Meadow Browns copulating 90:10
Northfield Wood 82:10–11, 88:23–25
Orange-tip 74:25–26, 74:27, 78:40, 84:31
photo competitions 81:27, 86:38–39
Purple Emperor 67:24, 84:10
Ringlet 87:18
Scotch Argus, Smardale Gill 83:16–17, 83:16–17
Silver-studded Blue 78:2, 78:33
Silver-washed Fritillary (ab. confluens) 76:27
Skippers mating 87:18
Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary 84:11
spring nectar sources 82:21
Spring Wood Celebration Day 75:23–24
Susie Mellor memorial bench 69:23
Sutton Heath 73:12–13
tales of the unexpected 84:10–11
as treasurer 92:5
Two-tailed Pasha 67:24
underdogs - Browns and Skippers 87:18–20
White Admiral 81:23–24, 81:24
wildflower seed project 79:14
Local Nature Recovery 81:30
lock-down observations 79:7–9
Lockwood, Ivan and Val 82:13
Lombardy Poplar (Populus nigra 'Italica') 79:23–24
Long-tailed Blue (Lampides boeticus) 58:2, 58:9, 64:7, 89:17
annual butterfly reports 54:8, 60:7–8, 69:8, 72:10, 75:11, 78:7, 81:20, 87:10
butterfly thieves 70:14
distribution maps 78:20, 78:28
Lonsdale, David 67:7–8
losers (butterflies having poor seasons) 55:8–9 see also residents - winners & losers (annual butterfly reports)
Lucas, Colin 51:9
Lukeswood, Elmswell 72:21, 73:8–9
Lulworth Skipper (Thymelicus acteon) 77:13, 88:7
Lunar Hornet Moth (Sesia bembeciformis) 83:27
Lunar Yellow Underwing (Noctua orbona) 53:25, 67:21
Lungwort (Pulmonaria officinalis) 68:8
Lycaenidae (Coppers, Hairstreaks and Blues), annual butterfly reports 87:14–15
Lycaenidae (coppers, hairstreaks and blues), annual butterfly reports 90:15–16
Lychnis (Hadena bicruris) 79:9
Lyme disease 52:4, 52:20, 81:11

Macready, Jillian 73:12
AGM and members' afternoon 2022 86:7
breeding Brimstones 76:15–16, 76:16
Swallowtail impaled 70:2, 70:13
Wyken Vineyards 76:20–21
macro-moths
British and Irish Moths: an illustrated guide to selected difficult species 50:20
National Moth Recording Scheme (NMRS) 65:12
macro photography 52:21–22
Madagascan Star Orchid (Angraecum sesquipedale) 82:10
Maddison, Peter 51:23, 52:32, 53:32, 86:7
AGM 2019 77:6–7
AGM 2020-21 and committee roles 80:3
AGM and members' afternoon 2022 86:6–7
Angelica gigas 73:17
branch role vacancies taken up 92:6
Brimstone and Buckthorn project 86:9
Carlton Marshes 74:9, 82:14
Carlton Marshes, Wall Brown 94:19
chair's reports 80:7–8, 82:7–8, 92:4–5
Common Blue 66:32
conservationists are optimists 65:16
Dunwich Forest 82:12
events round up 2017 70:14–15
field event in Wiltshire 51:16
field events 2019 75:23–25
Grayling search in Rendlesham Forest 88:27
Heath Fritillary, Hockley Wood 64:14
Kenton Hills and Sizewell Belts 61:21, 76:21–22
local habitat destruction and connectivity 62:16–17
Martlesham Wilds 87:26–27
members' afternoon 2024 92:8
memories of Nigel Cuming 83:14
migration mystery solved 56:17
moth traps for loan 81:29
nectar plants for adult butterflies 62:19–20
Newbourne Springs 66:28–29
Newsons Farm, Thorpe Morieux 85:9
obituary of Geoff Hayes 62:7
Purple Hairstreak 53:31, 66:31
Pyrausta despicata 86:2
retirement of Bill Stone 81:2
review of Butterflies in Christchurch Park (Stewart) 68:16
Silver-studded Blue 65:10
Silver-washed Fritillary 55:28
South Cumbria 58:19–21, 58:23–24
Speckled Wood 57:1
Suffolk Moth Group 75:5
Trudie's bench 88:6
Upper Hollesley Common 55:15
Wall Brown 59:17, 62:14, 74:9
Wall Brown surveys 61:20, 64:18
White Admiral 55:27
White-letter Hairstreak 62:1, 66:31
Wild Spaces campaign 86:31–32
wildflowers 79:17
Wissett and Giffords Hall events 85:11–12
Maddocks, John 64:23
Madeira 56:10–11
Mahonia spp. 84:7
Mallow Skipper (Carcharodus alceae) 54:23
Mam Tor, Derbyshire 84:11
Manley, Chris
British & Irish Moths: a photographic guide 83:24
British Moths 77:26
Butterflies of Europe for iPhone (review) 54:19
Mann, James 76:14
Black-veined Whites and cepes 51:17–18
last days of summer 81:26
Oak Processionary Moth 77:22
Painted Lady, etc 77:22
Silver-studded Blue, Pyrénées-Orientales 50:23–24
Strawberry tree 79:16, 79:17
Two-tailed Pasha 76:2, 76:13–14
Many-lined (Costaconvexa polygrammata) 56:12
Map (Araschnia levana) 55:27
Marbled White (Melanargia galathea) 51:14i, 64:7, 74:2, 74:13, 76:2, 76:28, 80:22i, 83:27, 90:28, 94:1
annual butterfly reports 60:8, 63:10, 66:11, 69:9, 72:12, 75:11, 78:8, 81:20, 87:13, 90:14, 93:17
distribution maps 78:20, 78:28
Landseer Park, Ipswich 76:19
releases 84:21
and Small White 78:7
marjoram (Origanum spp.) 51:20, 56:27, 68:10, 83:22
Market Weston Fen 87:9
Marlow's Home & Garden Centre, Bury St Edmunds 75:23, 75:28
Marsh Fritillary (Euphydryas aurinia) 51:23, 69:23, 84:27, 86:39, 87:28, 90:1
annual butterfly reports 90:13, 93:17
Market Weston Fen 87:9
releases 84:21
Wiltshire 51:16, 69:21
Martin, Sue 82:24, 82:24
Martlesham Common 72:15, 79:11
Martlesham Creek 75:23
Martlesham Heath 55:9, 61:9, 77:6
Martlesham Wilds 87:26–27
mating, and pheromones 77:25
Mawhood, Denise 79:32, 85:28
Mayne, Bill 81:9–10, 89:6, 91:19
Meadow Brown (Maniola jurtina) 51:14i, 54:17i, 73:22i, 78:1, 79:21, 88:2, 90:10
distribution maps 78:20, 78:28
by Kev Ling 87:18–19
possible Partimtransformis, Edburton 56:22
Meadow Brown (Maniola jurtina ab. bioculata) 86:14
Meadow Brown (Maniola jurtina ab. caeca) 86:14
Meadow Crane's-bill (Geranium pratense) 68:9
meadows, wildflower 54:17, 68:6–8, 85:9
Meathop Moss, Cumbria 58:20–21, 58:23
melanism 76:12, 86:13
Mellfield Wood and Free Wood, Bradfield St George 74:10
Purple Emperor survey 60:26–27, 60:28, 60:29
Mellor, Susie see Susie Mellor Legacy
Memorable Moments (poem by Twm Wade) 67:13
memory, associative, in caterpillars 76:23–24
mercury pollution 91:18
Merrigan, Elizabeth 79:2
Merveille du Jour (Griposia aprilina) 91:10
metamorphosis, in caterpillars 76:23–24
Mexican Free-tailed Bat (Tadarida brasiliensis) 75:22
Mexico, Monarch (Danaus plexippus) 56:17, 58:15, 61:17, 79:27, 87:20–21
Michaelmas Daisy (Aster spp.) 66:21, 83:21–22
Micro-moth Field Tips (Smart) 79:29
microscopy 87:23, 87:23
Middlebrook, Ian 64:18–19
Middleton, Andrew, Purple Emperor (Apatura iris) survey of Suffolk 2013 60:15–30
Migrant Hawker (Aeshna mixta) 91:18
migrants 64:6–7
guidance on sightings of non-native species 61:14–15
moths, Minsmere 56:12
Suffolk coast 74:20, 76:26
tiger moths 65:12
 see also individual species, e.g. Monarch (Danaus plexippus), Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui)
migrants (annual butterfly reports)
2011 54:8
2012 57:7
2013 60:7–8
2014 63:8–9
2021 84:18–19
migrants and rarities (annual butterfly reports)
2015 66:9–10
2016 69:7–8
2017 72:10–11
2018 75:10–11
2019 78:6–8
2020 81:19–20
Milden Hall, Lavenham 70:15
Mildenhall 56:18–19
Millins, George 50:7, 50:28
Mills, David 61:2
mimicry 56:10–11, 73:14
Miners, Becky 67:19
Minsmere 55:20
moths 56:12, 56:27
Queen of Spain Fritillary 54:15–16
Silver-studded Blue 63:12, 66:13, 72:15
Minsmere Crimson Underwing (Catocala conjuncta) 56:12
Mint Moth (Pyrausta aurata) 66:20, 82:21
Monarch (Danaus plexippus) 56:10, 56:11, 61:17, 61:17
arrested pupal ecdysis and neonicotinoids 83:15
books on 86:29–31, 87:20, 87:21
California 85:6
deaths of guardians in Mexico 79:27
Mexico 56:17, 58:15, 79:14, 87:20–21
review of Flight Behaviour (Kingsolver) 92:23
Spain 86:23, 86:24–25
Suffolk 64:8, 81:20
Moorhouse, Saul 92:6
Moorland Clouded Yellow (Colias palaeno) 94:11
Morgan's sphinx moth (Xanthopan Morganii praedicta) 82:10
Morris, Barbara 91:28, 94:6
Moss, Christian 80:27
moth trapping, Bury Water Meadows Group 90:26–27
moth traps/ trapping 80:20, 81:5
Cavenham Heath 76:19–20, 76:28
feedback from members who borrowed 82:24–29, 82:24–31
homemade traps 64:12–13, 64:13, 79:12–13, 79:13
loan scheme 81:29, 81:29, 85:29, 85:29, 86:31
MBF and Wemlite traps tested 77:24
photography 82:30–31
Piper's Vale, Ipswich 71:24
Prior's Oak, Aldeburgh 88:25–26
Purple Hairstreak 55:20
Thurston 85:30–31
Wyken Vineyards 76:20
Mother of Pearl (Pleuroptya ruralis) 72:23i
Mother Shipton (Euclidia mi) 63:28, 81:32, 89:23, 94:20
moths
2019 76:8
attraction to light 74:17
day-flying, and caterpillar recording 62:22–23
garden plants for 79:8–9
Gardening Which 83:25
impact of flailing hedgerows 63:24–26
largest 80:26
larvae 51:2
lockdown observations and recording 79:7, 79:8–9
Minsmere 56:12, 56:27
Open Garden Day, Prior's Oak 85:14–15
Purdis Heath 53:24–25, 65:13
Sizewell 75:19
wings mystery 82:24
and woodland connectivity 81:8–9
 see also moth traps/ trapping
Mottled Purple leaf-miner moth (Eriocrania sparrmannella) 87:22, 87:22
Mount Caburn, Sussex 56:24, 56:27
Mountain, Fiona, Lady of the Butterflies (review) 51:19
Mountain Ringlet (Erebia epiphron) 65:2, 67:16–18
mowing
for meadow wildflowers 68:7, 79:21
with scythes 76:17, 82:14–15, 82:14–15
mulleins (Verbascum spp.) 68:10
Mulligan, Barbara 89:23
multivoltine butterflies, impacts on population of climate extremes 85:6–7
Musk Mallow (Malva moschata) 79:15, 79:20
Myers, Joe 87:2, 91:9, 91:10
Mynott, Jeremy 91:4, 91:17

Narrow-bordered Five-spot Burnet (Zygaena lonicerae) 94:6
Nasturtium spp. 66:20, 84:7
National Moth Recording Scheme (NMRS) 62:22–23, 65:12
National Moth Week 86:21–22
Natural England see Cavenham Heath
Natural History Museum 61:16
nectar plants 51:20, 62:19–20, 66:20, 82:21
Black Horehound 76:14–15
container gardening 66:22
in High Suffolk garden 55:17, 62:12, 80:18
preferences of butterflies 67:7–8
Strawberry Tree 79:24–25
 see also garden nectar plants/ sources (series by Richard Stewart))
Necyria bellona 77:28
Neild, Andrew 76:26, 77:28, 82:19
Nemophora degeerella 63:28, 78:39
neonicotinoid insecticides 53:22–23, 80:21–22, 93:13
arrested pupal ecdysis 83:15
dwarfism 92:19–20
population decline of butterflies 65:17–18, 66:7
sugar beet 81:29
wildflower pollination 64:15
Nettle (Urtica dioica) 64:10, 79:7
New Scientist (magazine) 86:37, 92:20
Newbourne Springs, Woodbridge 66:28–29
Newby, Pete 73:17
Newland, David 80:23, 80:23
Britain's Butterflies 80:24
Britain's Day-flying Moths 80:24
Britain's Day-flying Moths (review) 58:17
Brown Argus variations 60:33, 60:35, 79:26
Newland, Richard 80:23
Newman, John 50:6
Nicotiana (tobacco plant spp.) 68:11, 88:12–13
nitrogen deposition 93:13–14
Nobbs, David 52:14, 63:23
non-native species 61:14–15
Norfolk Broads, for Swallowtail 62:13–14
Norris, Derek 71:28
Norris, Tim 59:23
North Downs 55:16, 76:23
North Warren, Aldeburgh 71:24–25
Northamptonshire 70:15, 71:23
Rockingham Forest 85:18
Northern Brown Argus (Aricia artaxerxes) 58:9, 58:24, 60:33
Northfield Wood, Stowmarket 58:10
field trips 82:10–11, 88:23–25, 88:24, 91:20, 94:17–18
Purple Emperor survey 60:28, 60:30
wood map 60:36
Norton, Halls Farm 76:5, 76:28
Nowers, Mark 51:8
Nowton Park, Bury St Edmunds 53:13–14, 69:18–19, 82:8, 94:11
map 53:2
Nymphalidae (Browns, Fritillaries and Aristocrats), annual butterfly reports 87:12–14, 90:14–15
Nymphalidae (Small Tortoiseshell, Peacock, Red Admiral)) 92:17–19

Oak Eggar (Lasiocampa quercus) 63:26
Oak Processionary (Thaumetopoea processionea) 50:9, 76:25–26, 77:22, 80:21
oaks (Quercus spp.)
finding Purple Hairstreaks 53:29
imported, and Oak Processionary Moth 76:25–26
Purple Hairstreak eggs and larvae 79:23
Oates, Matthew 85:17
In Pursuit of Butterflies (review) 66:27–28
The Observer's Book of Butterflies 94:9
Ochsenheimeria taurella 73:24
Oertzen's Rock Lizard 52:31
Ogden, Brian 70:8
Old Hall Wood, Bentley 55:2, 55:12
Purple Emperor survey 60:26
Old Lady (Mormo maura) 81:10, 91:27
Olive Crescent (Trisateles emortualis) 55:2, 55:12
larva 55:2
Olympic Park & Stadium, London 54:17
Onehouse, Stowmarket 79:10, 88:13 see also Northfield Wood, Stowmarket
Orange-tip (Anthocharis cardamines) 53:1, 57:2, 59:12i, 62:20i, 68:1, 74:26i, 74:27, 78:40, 84:12, 84:31, 87:28
annual butterfly reports 87:11–12
Belstead Meadows 70:10
bilateral gynandromorph 87:9, 87:12
caterpillars 2020-22 85:20
caterpillars, pupation and parasites 82:17–19
distribution maps 78:21, 78:28
eggs and egg-laying 57:2, 64:9, 68:21–22, 68:24, 74:26, 84:16
emergence 83:25
foodplants 68:21, 77:24, 82:21
and Garlic Mustard 66:20
by Kev Ling 74:25–26
larvae 68:22, 68:24, 74:26, 79:2, 90:14
life cycle 68:21–23, 68:24
life stages 82:18
long roost 90:25
lost to verge-cutting 79:28
photography 74:25
pupae 68:22, 68:24, 74:26, 74:27
and Shepherd's Purse 84:12
Orange-tip (Anthocharis cardamines ab. antiquincunx Bryk) 76:27, 86:13
Orford 59:17, 61:20, 74:20
Orwell Country Park, Ipswich 83:14
Honeysuckle project map 84:32
Osteospermum spp. 84:7
Overton, Chris 58:2, 58:9
overwintering 56:14–15
Peacock 62:9–10
in pillboxes 60:34, 60:35
Scarce Tortoiseshell and others 61:22
Small Tortoiseshell 62:10
Oxeye Daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare) 79:15, 79:20
Ozark Swallowtail (Papilio joanae) 63:11, 64:8

Painted Lady (Vanessa cardui) 57:2, 64:7, 66:29i, 73:1, 74:23i, 76:10, 77:22i, 78:12i, 82:16, 83:15, 84:19, 94:4i
aberrations 86:15
annual butterfly reports 78:7–8, 81:20, 84:15, 84:19, 87:13
distribution maps 78:21, 78:28
and Garden Spider 50:22
'grown' at Gislingham Primary School 66:29
migration 56:17, 67:12, 76:9–10
Oh! My Lady (poem by Twm Wade) 64:11
south of France 51:17, 77:22
Pakenham Water Mill, Wildlife Days 75:24, 75:27, 76:22, 76:28, 82:14, 84:30, 87:27, 90:27, 94:16
Pakenham Wood 55:18
events reports 55:13, 82:12–13, 85:12–13, 91:22–23
Silver-washed Fritillary 55:6, 55:8, 86:12
Pale Tussock (Calliteara pudibunda) 84:6
Parham airfield 59:19–20
Parker, Andrew 61:16
Parker, Rob 55:5, 84:5, 86:6, 86:7
2000-2015 64:6–8
2011 51:6–7
2012, impact of awful weather 55:19
aberrations 76:12, 86:13
annual butterfly reports 54:6–9, 57:5–8, 60:6–11, 63:6–17
black holes field events 52:17, 75:24
Brown Argus variations 58:9, 60:33, 79:26
Butterfly Conservation reports 52:6–7, 55:7–9
Chalkhill Blue 59:13–14, 59:24
Clouded Yellow aberration 59:8
Dingy Skipper 57:4, 59:14
early morning fliers 73:9
Estonia butterfly tour 64:19–23
farmland surveys 71:8
Geranium Bronze 65:15
Great Glemham Farms and Pound Wood 59:19–20
invitation to watch butterflies 74:19–20
King's Forest 73:20, 81:31
Long-tailed Blue (Lampides boeticus) 58:9
notes for butterfly recorders 53:6–9
Pakenham Wood 55:13, 85:12–13
Peacocks hibernating 62:9–10
Purple Emperor 60:15
Purple Emperor, Theberton 61:13, 62:15–16
Purple Hairstreak 58:9
Red Admiral 55:9, 73:20
Rougham Estate 74:10–11
shorthand recording system 57:10–11
Silver-studded Blue at Blaxhall Common 59:15–16
Silver-washed Fritillary 50:2, 50:10, 55:5–6
Sizewell C 75:17–20
Small Copper 67:10
Small Tortoiseshell aberration 61:3
Theberton Wood 80:11
training day for novice recorders 57:15
UKBMS award 68:2
Verbena rigida and Angelica gigas 73:17
Wall Brown 50:26, 54:10–11
when to mow the meadow 79:21
White-letter Hairstreak 52:23–25, 69:18–19
Wyken Vineyards 76:20–21
Parr, Toby 79:2
Parsons, Pam 62:23
Partnach Gorge, Germany 84:10
Passion-vine (Heliconius spp.) 77:25
Pawsey, John 71:8
Peacock (Aglais io) 52:32, 56:7, 62:7i, 78:16i, 81:14, 85:13, 88:26, 90:7, 90:15, 92:5i, 93:11
2019 78:8
annual butterfly reports 93:18
decline 92:17–18, 92:19
distribution maps 78:21, 78:28
hibernating 60:34, 60:35, 62:9–10
larvae 79:7, 79:31, 88:21
migration to Suffolk coast 76:26
overwintering in houses 56:15
second broods 93:18
wings discarded, and potential culprit 83:20, 83:20
Peake, Terry 59:15, 91:7
Pearl-bordered Fritillary (Boloria euphrosyne) 65:2, 91:13
art quilt by Marie Stewart 50:1, 50:3
Pearl Grass-veneer (Catoptria pinella) 82:12, 85:30
Pebble Hook-tip (Drepana falcataria) 82:26
Pebble Prominent (Notodonta ziczac), larva 89:1
Pelargonium spp. 65:15
Pentax Papilio (binoculars) 56:16
Peppered Moth (Biston betularia), larva 91:8
Perennial Candytuft (Iberis sempervirens) 74:24, 75:20
Perennial Wallflower (Erysimum linifolium 'Bowles's Mauve') 51:20, 63:1, 63:23, 74:23, 82:21
Perkins, Gill 74:22
Perryman, Richard
branch website 55:10, 75:7–8
moth trapping 82:28–29, 82:28–31
Peru 77:28
pesticides
in garden plants 72:9
 see also neonicotinoid insecticides
Petiver, James 51:19
pheromones, and mating 77:25
Phillips, Andrew 50:5
Phillips, Cara 64:24
Phlox spp. 85:16
photography
branch competitions 63:21, 64:24, 65:24, 81:27, 81:27, 84:29, 84:29, 86:38–39
Large Blues with 100-400mm lens 88:11
macro photography tips 52:21–22
moth trapping 82:30–31
Orange-tip males 74:25
planning to find British list of butterflies 77:11–12
sharing online 55:24
Swallowtail 83:18–19
phototaxis, positive 74:17
Phryxe vulgaris (Tachinid fly) 83:22–23
pupa 83:22
Pieridae (Whites and Yellows), annual butterfly reports 87:11–12, 90:14
Piper, Ann 74:2
Piper's Vale, Ipswich 52:13, 58:6, 64:15, 71:24, 83:14
Honeysuckle project map 84:32
Pitt, David 69:23, 74:2, 77:13, 77:27, 86:39
Swallowtail 71:28, 81:1, 81:27
Pitt, Lilian 79:25
Plain Tiger or African Monarch (Danaus chrysippus) 56:10–11, 68:19, 89:15–16, 92:12–13, 92:12–14
Plank, Jenny and Gary 74:27
Plant a Pot for Pollinators (project) 66:22
Plant Heritage Fair 66:30, 66:31, 69:24, 70:15, 72:2
plastic, and Wax Moth caterpillars 77:23
Plenderleith, Fiona 81:8–9, 87:25
plums, as nectar source 86:17
pollinators
Plant a Pot for Pollinators (project) 66:22
 see also neonicotinoid insecticides; Urban Buzz (Buglife project)
polyethylene, and Wax Moth caterpillars 77:23
Polygrapha tyrianthina 77:28
Poole, Derrick 90:26, 91:2, 94:20
Poplar Admiral (Limenitis populi) 64:23
Poplar Hawk-moth (Laothoe populi) 75:1, 79:7, 79:32, 88:28
Poplar Kitten (Furcula bifida) 86:2
Poppy (Papaver rhoeas) 55:21–22, 79:15
Pound Wood, Great Glemham 59:20
Pratt, Chris 52:32
Price, Caroline 94:10
Prichard, Tony
Box-tree Moth 71:12
Broad-bordered Bee Hawk-moth larvae 54:2, 54:14
Brown-tail moth 50:9
moth larvae 50:2, 51:2
Olive Crescent moth 55:2, 55:12
review of Britain's Day-flying Moths 58:17
Six-belted Clearwing on vegetated shingle 52:11
Small Ranunculus larvae 52:11
Suffolk Moth Group 75:5
tiger moths 65:12
Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriola) 52:11
Primrose (Primula vulgaris) 68:8, 68:8i
Prior's Oak, Aldeburgh
buddleias teeming 55:19–20
open days 68:13, 71:22, 76:21, 82:13–14, 85:14–15, 88:25–26, 91:21
Wildlife Garden at Aldeburgh (Stewart) 80:8, 80:24, 80:25
Privet spp. 85:16
Probert, Geoffrey 70:6
proboscis length 67:7
pupal ecdysis 83:15
Purdis Heath 50:5, 50:6–8, 50:28, 52:2, 53:32, 58:6, 85:5
2011 52:9–10
2012 56:8–9
2015 63:18–20
2016 65:8–10, 67:20–22
2017 71:17–18
2022-23 86:32–33, 87:26, 88:22
archaeology 50:6
BAP species 65:13
butterflies and other invertebrates 67:21–22, 67:23
county moth night 53:24–25
forage harvesting 65:9–10
habitat management 59:9–10, 61:8, 63:27
habitat piles 50:7
Megabash 50:7–8, 59:23
ownership remains unknown 80:7
sale protracted 77:6
scrape habitats 65:9
Silver-studded Blue research project 58:7–8
site species list 65:13
volunteers and conservation activities 50:7–8, 53:15–16, 56:8–9, 61:24
Purple Angelica (Angelica gigas) 73:17
Purple Emperor (Apatura iris) 50:21i, 60:1, 60:30i, 64:23, 65:24, 67:15i, 67:24, 74:11, 76:2, 79:32, 80:1, 84:10, 85:10, 85:19, 86:33i, 88:24, 91:2, 93:23, 93:28
2000-2015 64:6
2013 survey of Suffolk 60:15–30
2022 sightings 85:16
annual butterfly reports 54:8, 57:7, 60:8, 63:9–10, 66:10, 69:8–9, 84:15, 93:18–19
Bonny Wood 64:17, 67:11
climate 60:23–24
congregation areas 60:31–32
distribution maps (Suffolk) 60:17, 63:9, 78:21, 78:29
eastern region records and maps 60:16, 60:17, 60:19, 60:23–24, 61:11
egg-laying 60:32
Essex and Suffolk (and SW Cambs) linked population 60:20, 60:23
flight chart 60:18, 60:22
habitat and adult behaviour 60:31–32
habitat/ woodland quality (with rating system) 60:24–25
internet, digital photography and casual records 60:23
Northfield Wood 94:17–18, 94:18
obsession of David Tomlinson 85:17–19
overwintering as caterpillar 56:14–15
pupa 91:9
Purple Project 60:31–32
releases 61:12–13
and salt 60:31
survey methods 60:32
Theberton Wood/s 61:12–13, 62:15–16, 66:25, 66:26, 80:10, 80:11, 80:12, 86:34
woodland map and survey results 60:18, 60:21, 60:24
woodland visits 2013 60:25–30
Purple Hairstreak (Favonius quercus) 52:32, 53:29–30, 53:30i, 53:31, 58:2, 58:9, 66:31, 73:23, 82:13, 88:2, 88:23, 93:29, 94:9
2022 sightings 85:16
annual butterfly reports 87:14, 93:20
Broomheath, Woodbridge 93:29–30
Christchurch Park 57:9
distribution maps 66:2, 78:21, 78:29
eggs 53:31, 56:1, 79:2
eggs and larvae 79:23, 93:29, 93:30
in extreme heat 85:24
Eyke 52:16
larvae 53:31, 79:2
Lukeswood, Elmswell 73:9
in moth traps 55:20
overwintering as egg 56:15
Purdis Heath 52:9
six places 72:21
White-letter Hairstreak behaviour compared 52:24, 52:25
Wolves and Ramsey Woods 67:14, 67:15
Purple Hairstreak (Favonius quercus ab. trans-latefasciata) 85:24
Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) 68:10, 68:12, 85:16
Purple Marbled (Eublemma ostrina) 56:12, 56:27
Purple-shot Copper (Lycaena alciphron) 59:23
Purple Toadflax (Linaria purpurea) 79:8–9
Puss Moth (Cerura vinula) 82:28
larvae 82:2, 91:2
replicas 84:8
Pyle, Robert Michael, Chasing Monarchs 86:29–30
Pyrausta despicata (Straw-barred Pearl) 63:28, 82:12, 86:2
Pyrénées-Orientales, France 51:17–18, 76:13–14, 81:26
Oak Processionary Moth 77:22
Painted Lady, etc 77:22
Queen of Spain Fritillary 50:24
Silver-studded Blue 50:23–24

Quadling, Robert
Carlton Marshes field events 82:14, 94:19
Clouded Yellow 83:17, 83:18, 93:15
decline of some common Nymphalids 92:17–19
Wall Brown 74:9, 74:21, 74:28, 78:36, 81:27, 89:24, 89:24–25, 90:14, 93:25–26, 93:26, 94:19
wildflower seed plantings 79:18, 79:19
Queen of Spain Fritillary (Issoria lathonia) 63:8, 65:24, 91:16
annual butterfly reports 93:23
distribution maps 78:29
Greece 86:24, 86:25–26
Minsmere 54:15–16
Pyrénées-Orientales 50:24
Theberton Wood/s 86:35
quilts (by Marie Stewart)
Balancing the Scales 50:1, 50:3
Basking on Bark 65:22, 65:23
Quinn, John 61:13

Rae, Mike 60:22
Ragwort (Senecio jacobaea) 52:26–27, 86:17
rainfall, Thurston 85:25–26
Ramparts Field/ Meadow 51:5, 71:24
Ramsey Wood, Hintlesham 67:14, 67:15
Purple Emperor survey 60:25
Randle, Zoë 51:12, 62:22–23
Ranmore Common, Surrey 55:16
Rannoch Brindled Beauty (Lycia lapponaria) 90:24–25
Ransomes County Wildlife Site 52:7
rarities see migrants and rarities (annual butterfly reports)
Ravenscroft, Neil 50:6, 59:15–16, 65:9
Raydon Great Wood
Hadleigh railway walk 52:15
Purple Emperor survey 60:25
recessive genes, as cause of aberrations 76:12
recording 53:6–9
2000-2012 overview 53:8t
casual records 53:6–7, 60:12, 66:23
day-flying moths 62:22–23, 79:8
expansion of species on recording sheets 64:6, 64:8
in gardens 80:18
Purdis Heath 65:13
releases 61:13
shorthand system 57:10–11
with technology 57:12
training day for recorders 57:15
recording and geographic coverage, annual butterfly reports 54:9, 57:7, 60:10, 63:15, 66:16–17, 69:15–16, 72:12, 75:12, 78:9, 81:15, 84:14
Recording Moths in Suffolk (Facebook group) 75:5
Red Admiral (Vanessa atalanta) 50:19i, 55:1, 62:2, 71:22i, 74:28, 78:37i, 80:8i, 80:27, 83:15, 86:17, 88:14
annual butterfly reports 63:8–9, 78:8, 81:20, 84:19
decline 92:18, 92:19
distribution maps 78:21, 78:29
flight periods 75:10
King's Forest abundance 73:20
over water east of Felixstowe 62:10–11
pupal shell on abdomen 77:23, 77:27
return migration 93:21
size variation 55:9
thermal image 82:23
winter sightings and behaviour, Ipswich 62:11, 81:25
Red Admiral, The (verse by R. Amor) 78:37
Red Dead-nettle (Lamium purpureum) 68:8
Red-headed Chestnut (Conistra erythrocephala) 56:27
Red Lodge Heath 64:16, 71:21, 71:27, 76:21
Red-tipped Clearwing (Synanthedon formicaeformis) 63:28, 73:24, 94:8
Red Underwing (Catocala nupta) 91:9
Red Valerian (Centranthus ruber) 64:2, 64:9, 65:18, 89:13–14
Redgrave & Lopham Fen 67:10
Reeve, Rob 86:14, 91:7
Reeve, Rob and Kerry 80:10–11, 91:7
Purple Hairstreaks at Broomheath, Woodbridge 93:29–30, 93:29–30
reflectance basking 67:12
releases
annual butterfly reports 66:11, 69:9, 72:12, 75:11, 78:8–9, 81:20–21, 84:20–21, 87:9–10, 90:13, 93:21–23
Martin White 50:21, 82:10
Purple Emperor 61:12–13, 62:15–16, 66:26
recording of non-native species 61:14
Silver-washed Fritillary 50:10
Swallowtail gorganus 61:11
at weddings and other ceremonies 61:15
Rendlesham Forest 55:15, 63:22, 74:19–20, 88:27
reptiles, Purdis Heath 52:2, 52:9–10
residents - winners & losers (annual butterfly reports)
2011 54:6
2012 57:5–6
2013 60:7
2014 63:7
2015 66:8–9
2016 69:6–7
2017 72:9–10
2018 75:9
2019 78:6
2020 81:15–16
2021 84:15
Rhodes, Greece 50:24–25, 54:20–22, 54:23
Rhodope Mountains, Bulgaria 81:12
Richards, Adrian
Elephant Hawk-moth larva 68:2, 68:12
Theberton Wood, site guide 66:25–26
Wolves and Ramsey Woods, site guide 67:14–15
Richardson, Roy 87:10
Rickinghall, West Hall Farm 75:25
Ringlet (Aphantopus hyperantus) 52:16, 55:13, 87:18, 89:14
distribution maps 78:22, 78:29
by Kev Ling 87:19
Ringlet (Aphantopus hyperantus ab. lanceolata) 55:2, 55:11
Ringlet (Aphantopus hyperantus ab. pseudocellatus) 86:13
Riordan, Susannah 86:7
road names 83:19–20
Robinson moth traps 79:13, 85:30
Rockingham Forest, Northamptonshire 85:18
Rogers, Martin 53:2, 56:7, 58:2, 58:9
Rosy Footman (Miltochrista miniata) 76:20, 85:30
Rougham Estate 74:10–11
Round-leaved Sundew (Drosera rotundifolia) 58:23
roving records see casual records/ recording
Rowberry, Pete 61:12, 62:15–16
Rowlands, Adam 61:22
Ruby-tailed Wasp (Chrysis sp.) 67:23
Rusher, Paul 59:1, 59:8
Rushmere St Andrew 79:7
Rutherford, Pauline 58:2, 58:9

safety information, field events 74:17, 77:16
Sailors' Path, Snape 74:19, 75:25
St Edmundsbury Borough Council 69:18–19
Salcey Forest, Northamptonshire 70:15
Salisbury, Andrew 73:15
salt, and Purple Emperor 60:31
Saul, Ken 52:11
Saunders, Helen 65:20, 80:3
Kelling Heath 61:18–19
Purdis Heath 59:23, 63:19
Purdis Heath site species list 65:13
Silver-studded Blue, in Suffolk Butterfly Reports 66:12–13, 69:11–12, 72:15–16
Waitrose's Community Matters scheme 73:7
scales (of Lepidoptera) 91:17
Scalloped Oak (Crocallis elinguaria) 85:30
Scarce Fritillary (Euphydryas maturna) 94:11
Scarce Swallowtail (Iphiclides podalirius) 52:31, 54:20, 54:23, 89:16, 91:16
Scarce Tortoiseshell (Nymphalis xanthomelas) 61:22–23, 63:8, 64:6–7, 66:9
distribution map 78:29
identification 61:23
scarcity per species (annual butterfly reports) 75:15t, 78:13t, 81:22t, 84:22t
Scarlet Tiger (Callimorpha dominula) 65:2, 65:12
Schooling, Guy 94:9
Scotch Argus (Erebia aethiops) 77:28, 83:16–17, 94:11, 83:16–17
Scott, Alexese 88:26
scrape habitats, Purdis Heath 65:9, 71:18
scythes (mowing) 76:17
training day 82:14–15, 82:14–15
Searle, Mark 79:2, 79:23
Sedge Fen, Lakenheath 55:20
Sedum spectabile 66:21, 87:17
seeds see A14 project, Newmarket; wildflowers
Segawa, Izumi see Izumi (artist)
Selfheal (Prunella vulgaris) 68:9
Sensitivity of UK butterflies to local climatic extremes: which life stages are most at risk (UEA) 69:5
Shardlow, Matt 65:17
Shepherd's Purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) 84:12
Sherman, Neil 92:8
Box-tree Moth 71:2
Broad-bordered Bee Hawk-moth 54:2
Conservation Greenkeeper of the Year 77:9
Coxcomb Prominent larva 77:27
Elephant Hawk-moth 68:2
habitat creation for Silver-studded Blue 86:32
moth-finding 52:11
moth recording during lockdown 79:8–9
moth recording online 80:9
Olive Crescent 55:2, 55:12
Open Garden Day, Prior's Oak 82:13
Purdis Heath 50:7
Suffolk Moth Group 75:5, 77:17, 86:8, 92:7
Tiger Moths 65:2
Shifting Sands project 71:2, 71:9
Shimpling Park Farm 71:8
Shingle Street 70:12
shorthand recording system 57:10–11
Shrubshall, Bernadette 90:25
Sidney, Julian 88:27
Silver-spotted Skipper (Hesperia comma) 56:25, 56:27, 77:28
Silver-studded Blue (Plebeius argus) 52:2, 55:7i, 58:11i, 61:1, 61:19i, 65:2, 65:10, 67:1, 67:23, 78:2, 78:33, 80:19, 84:5, 88:22, 89:2, 90:17, 91:17
2011 52:6
2012 55:7
aberrations 82:19
annual butterfly reports 54:7, 57:6, 60:9, 63:12, 66:12–13, 69:11–12, 72:15–16, 72:17t, 78:33–34, 81:17–18, 84:17, 93:19
behaviours 58:8
and black ants 93:19, 93:25
Blaxhall Common translocation 59:15–16
and connectivity 62:17
counts at monitored sites 72:17t
distribution maps 72:24, 78:30, 78:34, 81:18, 90:22
early emergence 51:7
eggs and egg-laying 77:18
flight areas 58:8
flight periods 78:33, 84:23
by Jeremy Mynott 91:17
Kelling Heath 61:18–19
larvae, foodplants, Common Birdsfoot 77:18, 77:18, 77:27
Martlesham Heath 77:6
pupa 67:23
Purdis Heath 50:5, 50:6–8, 52:9, 53:15–16, 65:8–10, 67:21, 71:18, 85:5, 86:32–33
Pyrénées-Orientales 50:23–24
research project by Darren Flint 58:7–8
Upper Hollesley Common 55:15
Westleton 74:19
Silver-washed Fritillary (Argynnis paphia) 50:2, 54:1, 55:5–6, 55:28, 59:2, 64:7, 73:23, 82:1, 85:10, 89:2
2010 50:10
2012 55:8
2013 59:7
annual butterfly reports 54:8, 57:7, 60:8, 63:10, 66:10–11, 69:9, 72:12, 81:16, 87:13
Christchurch Park, Ipswich 84:7
courtship 57:18
distribution maps 59:2, 63:10, 78:22, 78:30, 81:16
egg-laying 70:12
Ipswich and Sutton Hoo 64:12
with Large Tortoiseshell 85:28
Northfield Wood 82:11
Pakenham Wood 86:12
Wheatfen Broad, Norfolk 63:23
Wolves and Ramsey Woods 67:14, 67:15
Silver-washed Fritillary (Argynnis paphia ab. confluens) 76:27
Silver-washed Fritillary (Argynnis paphia ab. valezina) 64:2, 74:28
Silver Y (Autographa gamma) 68:9i
Six-belted Clearwing (Bembecia ichneumoniformis) 52:2, 52:11, 85:17, 94:8
Six-spot Burnet (Zygaena filipendulae) 77:9, 81:32, 92:24, 93:1
cocoon 63:28
Six-spot Burnet (Zygaena filipendulae f. flava) 82:2, 86:15
Sizewell 89:26
Sizewell Belts 61:21, 76:21–22
Sizewell C, prime site for Lepidoptera 75:17–20
Skinner moth traps 79:12–13
skipper spp. 66:17, 79:21, 84:15
effects of mowing grass 87:15
and other underdogs 87:19–20
 see also individual species, e.g. Dingy Skipper (Erynnis tages)
Skippers (Hesperiidae), annual butterfly reports 87:15, 90:16, 93:20–21
Slender Vervain (Verbena rigida) 73:17
Sloe Shieldbug (Dolycoris baccarum) 52:32
Small Blue (Cupido minimus) 56:25, 76:23, 87:15
annual butterfly reports 78:9, 81:20–21
distribution maps 78:22, 78:30
Landseer Park, Ipswich 84:11
releases 84:21
Small Copper (Lycaena phlaeas) 53:14i, 55:9i, 57:9i, 67:10, 69:1, 79:31, 81:10, 82:13, 88:1, 90:8
2015 66:17–18
annual butterfly reports 93:19–20
Beccles 86:15–16, 88:17
Cavenham Heath 85:27
distribution maps 78:22, 78:30
Downe Bank, Kent 51:14
feeding periods of larvae, and when to cut grass 79:21
flight periods 81:15
Winterton, Norfolk 53:21
Small Copper (Lycaena phlaeas ab. caeruleopunctata) 51:14, 51:23, 53:21, 56:22, 67:2, 67:10
Beccles 86:16
Small Copper (Lycaena phlaeas ab. radiata caeruleopunctata) 76:27, 86:14
Small Eggar (Eriogaster lanestris) 63:24i
larvae 50:2, 50:9, 63:25i
larval webs 63:24–25, 63:27
Small Elephant Hawk-moth (Deilephila porcellus) 91:9
Small Heath (Coenonympha pamphilus) 61:20i, 69:2, 78:37, 79:32, 91:26i, 93:17
annual butterfly reports 54:8, 57:7, 60:10, 63:14–15, 66:16, 69:15, 72:19, 78:37, 81:19, 84:17, 93:16–17
Christchurch Park, Ipswich 84:7
distribution maps 69:2, 78:30, 78:37
feeding periods of larvae, and when to cut grass 79:21
flight periods 84:23
Martlesham Heath demise and Suffolk decline 61:9–10
Shingle Street 70:12
small colony 79:24
Small Pearl-bordered Fritillary (Boloria selene) 58:24, 84:10–11, 84:11, 87:10, 87:10, 91:13–14, 91:14
Small Ranunculus (Hecatera dysodea) 52:11
larva 52:2
Small Skipper (Thymelicus sylvestris) 90:16
distribution maps 78:23, 78:30
and Essex Skipper compared 88:18–19, 88:19
by Kev Ling 87:19–20
mating 87:18
Small Tortoiseshell (Aglais urticae) 53:9i, 58:14i, 63:1, 65:19i, 73:9i, 74:18i, 77:10i, 79:1, 84:10, 93:8
aberrations and size 85:7–8
Alton Water 58:13, 58:14
annual butterfly reports 75:9, 84:15–16, 87:14, 93:14
decline 92:17, 92:19
distribution maps 78:23, 78:31
hibernation/ overwintering 56:15, 60:34, 62:10, 78:6
number of broods 87:14
with pupal shell 77:23, 77:27
and Sturmia bella (Tachinid fly) 84:16
with Wall Brown 84:13, 91:1
Small Tortoiseshell (Aglais urticae ab. osborni Donckier, ab. nigrita Fickert) 61:2, 61:3
Small Tortoiseshell (Aglais urticae ab. semiichnusoides Pronin) 85:8i
Small White (Pieris rapae) 57:2, 67:7, 83:27
2014 63:16
coastal movements 78:7
compared with Southern Small White 94:13–14
death of a pest by Wilfrid George 89:14
distribution maps 78:23, 78:31
identification guide 80:2
reflectance basking and solar energy 67:12
Small Yellow Underwing (Panemeria tenebrata) 81:32, 89:23
Smardale Gill, Cumbria 83:16–17
Smart, Ben, Micro-moth Field Tips 79:29
smartphones 57:12
Smith, Peter 82:9
Smith, Rob 76:7
Snape 74:19, 75:25
Snook, Reg 60:34
Snowdonia, Wales 84:10
social media 50:12, 79:8, 92:6 see also Facebook
solar energy 67:12
Somerleyton 79:25
Soper, Derek 76:14–15
Soper, Derek and Valerie 55:17, 62:2, 62:12, 80:18
Soper, Valerie 76:15
Southern Grizzled Skipper (Pyrgus malvoides) 86:24, 91:16
Southern Marbled Skipper (Carcharodus baeticus) 91:16
Southern Small White (Pieris mannii) 70:16–18, 70:19–20, 74:24, 94:12–14
annual butterfly reports 84:20
first in Suffolk 94:12, 94:14, 94:14
identification 70:17–18, 80:2, 94:12–14
range expansion (map) 70:19
sightings Belgium (map) 75:27
sightings Netherlands (map) 74:24
Southern White Admiral (Limenitis reducta) 89:15
Spain, Northern 91:15–16
species champions 84:5
species changes (UK) 90:17t
species maps see distribution maps (Suffolk)
species per tetrad 53:8t–9
1995-2018 78:15t–16t
annual butterfly reports 54:9, 57:8, 60:10, 63:15, 66:17, 69:15–16, 75:12, 75:15t, 78:10, 81:16–17, 84:16, 93:11
Speckled Wood (Pararge aegeria) 57:1, 77:24i, 79:21, 79:32, 87:2, 87:7
annual butterfly reports 93:16
distribution maps 78:23, 78:31
by Kev Ling 87:20
Speckled Yellow (Pseudopanthera macularia) 62:23, 87:28
distribution map 62:23
Spence, Nicola 73:15
Spencer, Simon 54:19, 68:19–20
Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa striata) 94:10, 94:10
Spotted Fritillary (Melitaea didyma) 92:1, 92:21
Spring Wood Celebration Day 70:14–15, 75:23–24, 75:28
Staines, Richard 61:9
Stanstead Great Wood, Sudbury, Purple Emperor survey 60:25, 60:29
Starvelarks Wood, Essex 91:11–12
State of the UK's Butterflies 2015 65:16, 66:7
Sterling, Phil, Field Guide to the Caterpillars of Great Britain and Ireland 77:26
Stevens, Carla 94:4
Stewart, Marie 57:17–18
Balancing the Scales (quilt) 50:1, 50:3
Basking on Bark (quilt) 65:22, 65:23
Stewart, Richard
2012 56:13
2018 73:10
2024 92:12, 92:16
Ano Paroia, Greece (ten haikai) 50:13
Brown Argus 74:18
Butterflies in Christchurch Park 68:16
butterflies in Ipswich 52:13
butterfly gardens in Ipswich 93:27
butterfly nets 53:18, 56:16
butterfly thieves 70:14
Christchurch Park, Ipswich 57:9, 69:20, 71:19, 84:7
close focus binoculars 56:16
Clouded Yellows on Suffolk coast 61:10
Crete 69:22
Dark Sky Dancing (haiku verse) 51:5, 51:20
early emergence 52:12
garden buddleja 59:18
garden nectar plants: A is for Arabis 73:18
garden nectar plants: autumn 66:21
garden nectar plants: B is for Buddleia and Bowles Mauve Wallflower 74:23
garden nectar plants: C is for Candytuft 75:20
garden nectar plants: D is for Dandelion and Dames' Violet 76:13
garden nectar plants: E is for Erigeron 77:24
garden nectar plants: G is for Goldenrod 79:14
garden nectar plants: spring 64:10
garden nectar plants: summer 65:19
garden nectar plants: top twenty 91:18
garden nectar sources: H is for Hyacinth and Hemp Agrimony 80:17
garden nectar sources: I is for Ivy 81:23
garden nectar sources: L is for Laurel and Lavender 82:20–21
garden nectar sources: M is for Michaelmas Daisy and Marjoram 83:21–22
garden nectar sources: M to O 84:7
garden nectar sources: P 85:16
garden nectar sources: R 86:17
garden nectar sources: S 87:17
garden nectar sources: T 88:12–13
garden nectar sources : V 89:13–14
gardening for butterflies at Flatford 65:20
Grayling colony at Winterton 53:21
haiku written in Cumbria 58:22
hibernating butterflies 60:34, 60:35
Holly Blue foodplants 94:6
Hummingbird Hawk-moth 86:16–17
importance of Butterfly Conservation branches 51:9
in memory of Steve Goddard 75:6–7
more about Monarchs 87:20–21
North Downs 55:16
obituary of Beryl Johnson 77:10
obituary of Jim Foster 71:6
Observer's Book of Butterflies 94:9
Open Garden Days, Prior's Oak 68:13, 71:22, 76:21, 82:13–14, 85:14–15, 88:25–26, 91:21
Orange-tip - long roost 90:25
Painted Lady and Garden Spider 50:22
Purple Emperor in Wolves Wood 93:28, 93:28
Purple Hairstreak, six places 72:21
Red Admiral on rotting fruit 86:17
Rendlesham and Tangham Forest 55:15
review of Butterflies: a very British obsession (TV programme) 50:21
review of Butterfly Isles (Barkham) 54:15–16
review of In Pursuit of Butterflies (Oates) 66:27–28
review of Lady of the Butterflies (Mountain) 51:19
Ringlet 89:14
Silver-washed Fritillary 63:23, 64:12
Small Heath 70:12
Small Tortoiseshell 60:34
Strawberry Tree as nectar source 79:24–25
Sussex trip: ten haikai 55:14
Swallowtail garden, Strumpshaw Fen 67:9
Swallowtail gorganus 61:11
Swallowtail open day, Wheatfen 52:14
Swallowtail, six of the best sites 62:13–14
Trudie Willis - an appreciation 90:6–7
unexpected sightings 81:25
visiting the Monarchs 58:15
Wall Brown 59:17, 83:21, 83:21
Wheatfen Broad, Norfolk 57:16
White Admiral, six of the best sites 63:22
Wildlife Garden at Aldeburgh 80:8, 80:24, 80:25
Winter into Spring (butterfly haiku) 62:7
Stockton, Norfolk 88:17
Stoke-by-Nayland, Giffords Hall 85:12
Stone, Bill 55:5, 80:3, 81:2
2013 59:7
2013 Butterfly Report 60:6–11
2014 Butterfly Report 63:6–17
2015 Suffolk Butterfly Report 66:7–19
2016 Suffolk Butterfly Report 69:5–17
2017 Suffolk Butterfly Report 72:9–19
2018 Suffolk Butterfly Report 75:7–16
2019 Suffolk Butterfly Report 78:5–37
2020 Suffolk Butterfly Report 81:14–22
Balkan butterfly holiday 59:20–22, 59:23
Birdfair from a butternutter's perspective 58:16–17
black holes 75:21–22
Buddleja 57:13–14
Clouded Yellow 59:18–19
Dingy Skipper 75:24–25, 81:21
Gatekeeper 76:28
Large Tortoiseshell identification 60:2
late summer butterflies, Alton Water 58:13–14
Orange-tip eggs 57:2
Peacock 81:14
planting for butterflies in new garden 62:18–19, 63:23
Purple Project 60:31–32
recording with technology 57:12
Red Admiral 62:10–11
Scarce Tortoiseshell 61:22–23
Silver-washed Fritillary 55:28
Small Heath decline 61:9–10
Small Tortoiseshell 63:1
Southern Small White 70:16–18, 74:24
Trimley Marshes 71:25
Stradbroke 52:17
Straw-barred Pearl (Pyrausta despicata) 63:28, 82:12, 86:2
Strawberry Tree (Arbutus unedo) 79:16, 79:17, 79:24–25, 87:17
Strumpshaw Fen, Norfolk 62:13–14, 67:9, 70:14, 76:13
Sturmia bella (Tachinid fly) 84:16, 92:19
The Suffolk Argus
PDF or electronic version 77:5, 92:3
Volume 1 (January 1994) 50:5, 74:5
Suffolk Butterfly Reports
2011 by Rob Parker 54:6–9
2012 by Rob Parker 57:5–8
2013 by Bill Stone and Rob Parker 60:6–11
2014 by Bill Stone and Rob Parker 63:6–17
2015 by Bill Stone 66:7–19
2016 by Bill Stone 69:5–17
2017 by Bill Stone 72:9–19
2018 by Bill Stone 75:7–16
2019 by Bill Stone 78:5–37
2020 by Bill Stone 81:13–22
2021 by James Corton 84:13–27
2022 by James Corton 87:7–16
2023 by James Corton 87:15–16, 90:8–23
2024 by James Corton 93:11–24
Suffolk Cafe, Fornham St Genevieve 94:15–16
Suffolk Coast & Heaths AONB 80:19
Suffolk County Council, Country Parks 51:5, 52:7
Suffolk Moth Group 75:5, 77:17
indoor meeting 2023 86:8
indoor meeting 2025 92:7
recording on website 79:8, 80:9
records at SWT sites 83:15
website 77:9
Suffolk Wildlife Trust
moth records 83:15
recorders for farmland surveys 71:8
 see also individual reserves, e.g. Carlton Marshes
sugar beet, and neonicotinoids 80:22, 81:29
Summer grass Winter bug 77:25
Surrey Downs 53:19–21, 53:32, 55:16
Susie Mellor Legacy 65:4, 69:23, 82:7, 83:14
Sussex 56:22–25, 56:27
ten haikai by Richard Stewart 55:14
Sustainable Farming Incentive (SFI) 81:29–30
Sutton Heath, Woodbridge 73:2, 73:12–13
Swallow-tailed Moth (Ourapteryx sambucaria) (artwork) 82:28
Swallowtail (Papilio machaon) 52:14i, 62:4i, 67:9i, 71:28, 81:1, 81:27, 83:19, 85:20, 86:25, 92:21
annual butterfly reports 60:8, 75:10–11, 81:20, 87:10–11, 90:13–14
caterpillars stolen 70:14
distribution maps 78:23, 78:31
in review of Butterfly Isles (Barkham) 54:16
six sites in Norfolk Broads 62:13–14
Strumpshaw Fen, Norfolk 67:9
Wheatfen Broad, Norfolk 52:14, 57:16, 70:15
Swallowtail (Papilio machaon 'gorganus 'European'), annual butterfly reports 93:23
Swallowtail (Papilio machaon gorganus 'European') 52:31, 55:22, 55:22i, 61:11, 63:8, 70:2, 77:28
annual butterfly reports 87:11
Sweet Rocket (Hesperis matronalis) 76:13, 77:24, 87:17, 87:17
Sweet William (Dianthus barbatus) 87:17
Sweetman, Jo 55:13

Tachystola (micro moth spp.) 89:23
Tangham and Rendlesham Forests 55:15, 63:22, 92:16
Taylor, Malcolm 85:28
Taylor, Mike 85:26–27
teasels (Dipsacus spp.) 88:12
Ted Ellis Nature Reserve, Norfolk 52:14, 70:15
temperature control 79:27
temperature extremes 93:13–14
and butterfly population changes 85:6–7
temperature means 93:14t
tetrad counts and averages see species per tetrad
Theberton Wood/s 80:2, 80:10–12, 83:28
Forestry England operations 83:6–9, 83:7–8, 86:33–35
management and wildlife 80:11–12
maps 66:26, 83:2, 83:7, 86:34
Purple Emperor 61:12–13
site guide 66:25–26
thermal imaging devices 82:23, 82:23
Thomas, Jeremy 85:9
Thornton, Orla 88:25
Thorpe Morieux, Newsons Farm 85:9
Thrift (Armeria maritima) 88:12
Thurston
2022 sightings 85:16–17
2025 and Clearwings 94:7–8
Green Farm butterfly walk 88:21–22, 88:21
housing development 80:21, 81:30, 81:30–31, 83:19–20
leaflet drop 88:20
moth records 85:30–31
rainfall records 85:25–26
White-letter Hairstreak, elms and development 72:6
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) 88:13
ticks 52:20, 81:11
Tiger Hill, Bures St Mary 70:15
Tiger Swallowtail (Papilio glaucus) 64:8
tiger moths 65:12
Tipling, David 83:18
Titchmarsh, Alan 66:22
Toadflax Brocade (Calophasia lunula) 62:12, 79:8–9
larva 62:2
toadflaxes (Linaria spp.) 68:10
tobacco plants (Nicotiana spp.) 79:9, 88:12–13
Tomlinson, David
Apollo 81:12, 81:12
Charaxes, especially jasius 75:25–26, 75:26–27
Elephant and other hawkmoths 82:25–26
Kefalonia, Greece 89:15–17, 89:16–17
Kerkini, Greece 50:14–18
Large Blue 88:9–12, 88:11
late-season in Andalucia and Greece 86:23–26, 86:23–26
Marsh Fritillary 87:28
Northern Spain 91:15–16, 91:16
Orange-tip 87:28
Painted Lady 76:9–10, 76:10
Plain Tiger 92:12–13, 92:12–14
Purple Emperor obsession 85:17–19, 85:19
review of British and Irish Butterfly Rarities, Migrants, Extinctions and Introductions (Eeles) 89:17–19
Swallowtail 83:18–19, 83:19
Wall Brown 86:18, 86:26
Totternhoe, Bedfordshire 51:9, 76:10–11
Tour Batère, France 51:17–18
Townley, Helen 61:16
Townsend, Martin, British and Irish Moths: an illustrated guide to selected difficult species 50:20
transects
2015-24 92:14–15
2023 89:13
annual butterfly reports 54:9, 57:8, 60:10–11, 63:16, 66:18
annual butterfly reports 2016 onwards see UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS)
recording schemes and available sites 53:6, 66:24, 77:19, 81:7–8, 82:8, 86:36
Tree-lichen Beauty (Cryphia algae) 82:26
trees, drought stress 86:37
trends (annual butterfly reports) see species per tetrad
Trimley Marshes 71:25
Triple Goddess 79:20
Tunstall Forest 63:22, 74:19–20
turf stripping 72:20
Twitter 50:12, 55:24
Two-tailed Pasha (Charaxes jasius) 55:23i, 67:24, 68:19, 69:22
by David Tomlinson 75:25–26, 75:26–27
by James Mann 76:2, 76:13–14
Tydeman, Toby 92:6, 93:12
Tyler, Jonathan 51:2

UK Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (UKBMS) 64:18–19
annual butterfly reports 69:16, 72:12–13, 75:7, 75:12–13, 78:5, 78:6, 78:10, 81:21, 84:21
award to Rob Parker 68:2
 see also transects; Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS)
Ulmus 'Nanguen' Lutèce 76:24, 76:24, 77:25
Underwood, Joe 58:6
University of East Anglia (UEA), Sensitivity of UK butterflies to local climatic extremes: which life stages are most at risk 69:5
univoltine butterflies, impacts on population of climate extremes 85:6–7
unusual species, annual butterfly reports 54:8–9, 57:7, 60:8, 63:10–11, 66:11, 69:9, 72:12, 87:9–10, 90:13
Upper Hollesley Common 55:15
Urban Buzz (Buglife project) 68:14, 70:9, 72:20, 76:18
Urodid moth 83:23
UV LED moth traps 79:12–13

Vagrant Emperor (Anax ephippiger) dragonfly 80:20, 80:28
vagrants and releases, annual butterfly reports 93:21–23
Valley Road, Ipswich 79:14, 79:16
Van Swaay, Chris 61:22, 63:11
Southern Small White 70:16, 70:17, 70:19–20, 74:24, 94:12, 94:13
Vantieghem, Pieter 74:24
Vapourer (Orgyia antiqua) 74:17
larva 74:2
Vass, Deborah 72:22, 88:18
Mother of Pearl 72:23i
Peacock 78:16i, 92:5i
Small Tortoiseshell 74:18i
wasp 73:15i
White Ermine 72:23i
Winter Moth 72:22i
vegetable gardening 62:12
Verbena bonariensis 51:20, 62:12, 89:14
Verbena rigida (Slender Vervain) 73:17
verge-cutting 79:28
Vietnam 50:22
Vine's Rustic (Hoplodrina ambigua) 85:29
Viper's-bugloss (Echium vulgare) 68:10, 71:2, 89:13
Viviparous or Common Lizard (Zootoca vivipara) 52:2
volunteers/ volunteering 66:23–24, 74:22, 78:5
Purdis Heath 50:7–8, 53:15–16, 56:8–9, 61:24

Wade, Twm 55:18
A14 project, Newmarket 70:7–8, 70:8, 73:21, 81:6–7
black holes 75:21–22
butterfly counts from WCBS and transects 86:36
Cavenham Heath 85:26
Chalkhill Blue 59:24
helping nature by recording 86:12–13
Memorable Moments (poem) 67:13
Oh! My Lady (poem) 64:11
Peacock 85:13
photographic competition 63:21
Plant Heritage, Helmingham Hall 66:31
Red Lodge Heath 64:16, 71:21, 76:21
transects and other recording schemes 81:7–8
transects and WCBS 77:19, 89:13
transects and WCBS 2015-24 92:14–15
UKBMS coordinator 75:7
why I volunteer 66:23–24
Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) 59:10–11, 60:11–12, 62:8, 65:11, 71:10–11, 74:8, 74:22, 83:15
Wagstaff, John 61:18–19
Waitrose 69:8, 73:7
Walberswick 50:19–20
Wall Brown (Lasiommata megera) 50:26, 50:27, 51:1, 51:2, 51:7i, 52:19i, 55:8i, 55:27, 59:2, 69:23, 74:9i, 74:21i, 74:28, 78:36, 81:27, 83:21, 84:29, 85:21, 89:24, 90:14, 93:26, 94:2i
1995-2011 54:11
2011 survey 51:8, 53:7, 54:10–11
2012 55:8
2012-13 59:7
2013 59:17
2024 93:25–26
Angles Way survey 64:18
annual butterfly reports 54:8, 57:6–7, 60:9–10, 63:14, 66:15–16, 69:14–15, 72:18–19, 78:36–37, 81:19, 84:15, 84:17–18, 87:12, 93:16
Carlton Marshes 74:9, 74:21, 94:19
distribution maps 50:27, 54:11, 59:2, 78:31, 78:36, 89:25, 90:20, 93:26
Edburton, Sussex 56:23
flight periods 66:15, 69:14, 78:37, 84:24
Kefalonia 89:17
Mam Tor, Derbyshire 84:11
mating pair 94:19
North Norfolk and Europe 86:18, 86:26
Orford survey 61:20
Sedge Fen, Lakenheath 55:20
with Small Tortoiseshell 84:13, 91:1
Somerleyton 79:25, 83:21
three generations 62:14, 63:14, 78:36–37, 84:17–18, 93:25–26
west Suffolk and Cambridgeshire 52:18–19
Walsh, David 76:2, 76:28
Walsham le Willows 91:22
Walshe, John 58:10
Warmington, Keith 53:31
Warminster, Wiltshire 51:16
Warren, Martin 61:14–15, 65:17
Butterflies: a natural history 83:24
wasps 73:15i
caterpillars as food 73:15
species at Purdis Heath 67:22, 67:23
Waters, Simon 78:2, 80:27
Watkins-Pitchford, D. J. ("BB") 85:17–18
Wax Moth (Galleria mellonella) 77:23
WCBS (Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey) see Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS)
weather
awful in 2012, impact 55:19
drought effects 2018 74:22
early emergence and other impacts 2018 73:12–13
East Anglia 54:6, 57:5, 60:6, 63:6, 66:8, 69:6
impacts on butterflies 69:5
UK 60:6, 63:6–7, 66:8, 69:6, 75:8, 78:5–6, 81:14–15, 84:14, 87:8–9, 90:10–12, 93:13–15, 93:14t
websites
Butterfly Conservation - Suffolk Branch 53:25, 55:10, 75:7–8
Suffolk Moth Group 77:9, 79:8, 80:9
Wells, Marion 82:2, 82:24, 82:27–28, 82:27–28, 94:20
West Hall Farm, Rickinghall 75:25
Westerfield Road, Ipswich 92:16
Westerfield Station 81:6
Westleton, Silver-studded Blue 74:19, 82:19
Whall, Steve 80:11–12
Wheatfen Broad, Norfolk 52:14, 57:16, 63:23, 70:15
wheelbarrows 62:9
Wherstead Wood 81:24
Which? Gardening (magazine) 83:25
White, Martin 50:21, 82:10
White, Vicky 86:35
White Admiral (Limenitis camilla) 51:13i, 52:7i, 55:27, 56:18i, 58:10i, 64:23, 67:14i, 70:6i, 74:28, 76:22i, 76:27, 81:24, 83:28, 85:21, 86:5i, 87:14, 88:24, 93:18
annual butterfly reports 54:7, 57:6, 60:9, 63:13, 66:14, 69:13, 72:16, 72:18, 78:35, 81:18–19, 84:17, 87:13, 93:18
Beccles and Ipswich 81:25
Bradfield Woods 55:21
distribution maps 60:36, 78:31, 78:35, 90:21
Downe Bank, Kent 51:13
Facebook 55:20–21
flight periods 78:35, 84:24
Honeysuckle 56:18, 56:19
 see also Honeysuckle planting project, Ipswich
invitation to watch by Rob Parker 74:19–20
larvae 56:19, 81:24, 81:24
life cycle 81:24
Mildenhall Woods by Mervyn Crawford 56:18–19
Northfield Wood, Stowmarket 58:10
observations by Kev Ling 81:23–24
pupae 56:19, 56:19i
six of the best sites 63:22
Wolves and Ramsey Woods 67:14, 67:15
White Admiral (Limenitis camilla ab. obliterata) 80:27
White Dead-nettle (Lamium album) 68:8
White Ermine (Spilosoma lubricipeda) 72:22, 72:23i, 79:7
White-letter Hairstreak (Satyrium w-album) 51:7i, 52:23–25, 53:7i, 55:7i, 62:1, 66:31, 69:2, 74:11, 76:24, 76:27, 78:34, 80:17i, 84:18, 84:24, 85:17, 88:8
2022 sightings 85:16
annual butterfly reports 54:7, 57:6, 60:9, 63:13, 66:13–14, 69:12, 72:16, 78:34, 81:18, 84:18
distribution maps 66:2, 69:2, 72:24, 78:32, 78:34, 90:23
early emergence 51:7
eggs and egg-laying 76:24, 76:28, 79:2
and elms 69:18–19, 72:6, 77:25, 81:30–31
flight periods 84:24
Ipswich 52:13
Northfield Wood, Stowmarket 58:10
White Plume moth (Pterophorus pentadactyla) 63:28
White-point (Mythimna albipuncta) 53:25
White-spotted Sable (Anania funebris) 90:24
Whites, identification guides 80:2
Whites and Yellows (Pieridae), annual butterfly reports 87:11–12, 90:14, 93:15
Why Are We Netting (poem by Wilfrid George) 54:18
Whybrow, Bill 71:23
Whybrow, Ian
A close look for an Adonis Blue with a seeing eye (poem) 84:30
Gatekeeper 84:28
The Gatekeeper (poem) 84:28
Wickham Market 91:7
Wider Countryside Butterfly Survey (WCBS) 50:12, 51:12, 53:7, 57:4, 60:11–12, 66:23–24, 83:15, 89:13
2015-24 92:14–15
annual butterfly reports 63:17, 66:19, 69:17, 72:13, 75:13–14, 78:11, 81:21, 84:21
Gill Perkins 74:22
results summaries 54:12–13, 56:11, 62:8, 65:11, 71:10, 74:8, 77:19, 86:36
squares available 59:10–11, 60:11, 62:8, 67:10, 71:11, 77:20–21, 86:36
Wild Ipswich 68:14–15
Wild Spaces (BC campaign) 86:31–32
wildflowers 79:15
for the garden 68:8–11
meadow project at Fornham St Genevieve 94:15–16
meadows 54:17, 68:6–8, 85:9, 88:4, 88:13, 88:13–14
plantings 79:17, 79:18
pollination and neonicotinoids 64:15
seed project 2020 79:14, 79:19, 80:7, 82:22
tips for sowing and growing 77:5
Wildlife Garden at Aldeburgh (Stewart) 80:8, 80:24, 80:25
Wilkins, Philip 88:17, 88:17
Willis, Trudie 88:6, 89:36, 90:6–7, 92:4 see also Prior's Oak, Aldeburgh
wills 57:8
Wiltshire, Cotley Hill 51:16, 51:23, 52:12, 69:21, 69:23
wings
in designer ornaments 79:28
and hemolymph 79:28
structures 66:24
Wings in the Meadow (Brewer) 86:30
wingspans, size variation in Red Admirals 55:9
Winter Moth (Operophtera brumata) 72:22i, 83:1
Winterton, Norfolk 53:21, 57:17–18
Wissett 85:11–12
Witherby, Alan 85:11–12
Wolfe, Stella 52:4, 52:16, 54:16, 57:14
Wolves Wood, Hadleigh 64:7, 71:24, 73:10
Purple Emperor 93:28, 93:28
Purple Emperor survey 60:26, 60:29
site guide 67:14–15
Wood White (Leptidea sinapis) 64:7, 64:24, 70:15, 77:12, 93:21–22
Woodbridge 93:29–30
Woodland Brown (Lopinga achine) 64:23
woodland butterflies 73:14
woodland habitat
coppicing, and Heath Fritillary 64:14
for Purple Emperor (with rating system) 60:24–25, 60:31–32
Woolnough, Marc 50:7
Woolnough, Steve 77:9, 80:3
Wordwell, Bury St Edmunds 75:28
WREN Biodiversity Action Fund 56:8
Wyken Vineyards 76:20–21

Xanthopan Morganii praedicta (Morgan's sphinx moth) 82:10
Xylella fastidiosa (plant bacterium) 73:15

Yellow-legged Clearwing (Synanthedon vespiformis) 73:24
Yellow-legged Tortoiseshell (Nymphalis xanthomelas) see Scarce Tortoiseshell (Nymphalis xanthomelas)
Yellow Rattle (Rhinanthus minor) 68:10
Yellow Shell (Camptogramma bilineata) 81:32
Yellow-spot Tortrix (Pseudargyrotoza conwagana) 81:8–9, 81:9
young adults 85:29

Zebra Longwing (Heliconius charithonia) 66:11
Zig-zag Sawfly (Aproceros leucopoda) 73:15, 73:23
larval damage 73:23